Plasmodium ovale in Bangladesh: Genetic diversity and the first known evidence of the sympatric distribution of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri in southern Asia

Fuehrer, Hans‐Peter; Habler, Verena Elisabeth; Fally, Markus; Harl, Josef; Starzengrüber, Peter; Swoboda, Paul; Bloeschl, Ingrid; Khan, Wasif Ali; Noedl, Harald

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.04.015

Cited by 55 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…The nuclear small subunit (SSU) rRNA genes are known to be highly conserved regions suitable not only for phylogenetic studies but also for the molecular detection of human malaria parasites (3,5,6,11,12,13). The copy numbers of this gene range from 4 to 8.…”

Section: Molecular Phylogeny Of Plasmodium Spp With the Main Focus Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dimorphisms have also been observed in genes encoding cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1; at least 12 loci); lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), ookinete surface antigens, P. ovale reticulate binding protein 2 (porbp2), P. ovale glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatase (pog3p), P. ovale dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (podhfr-ts), P. ovale cysteine proteinase (pocysp), and P. ovale tryptophan-rich antigen (potra) (3,5,6,11,12,13,14,16,17).…”

Section: Molecular Phylogeny Of Plasmodium Spp With the Main Focus Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead of the use of the rPLU2 and rOVA1 primers, they recommended the use of two primer pairs: rOVA1v and rOVA2v for the detection of the variant type of P. ovale and rOVA1 and rOVA2 (NP-1993 primers) for the determination of the classic form of P. ovale (21). Several studies have shown that these primers can be used for the detection and separation of the newly recognized species P. ovale wallikeri and P. ovale curtisi-even in mixed infections with both P. ovale species (6,22). However, NP-2002 P. ovale PCR primer pair rOVA1 and rPLU2 turned out to lack the sensitivity required for the detection of P. ovale wallikeri.…”

Section: Standard Nested Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the meantime, several studies have supported this concept (3,5). Both species are known to occur sympatrically in Africa and Asia, and even simultaneous infections with both parasites have been reported (6). The two species are indistinguishable by microscopy but seem to differ in their duration of latency (7).…”

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confidence: 93%

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Recent Advances in Detection of Plasmodium ovale: Implications of Separation into the Two Species Plasmodium ovale wallikeri and Plasmodium ovale curtisi

Fuehrer

Noedl

2014

J Clin Microbiol

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Recent molecular studies indicate that Plasmodium ovale malaria is caused by two closely related species of protozoan parasites, thereby imposing new challenges for detection and species differentiation. This minireview explores the potential value of innovative methods for the molecular diagnosis of malaria with a strong emphasis on the discrimination and genotyping of P. ovale wallikeri and P. ovale curtisi as well as tools for the simultaneous detection of P. ovale sp. An update for the widely used NP-1993 to NP-2005 (SSU rRNA) protocols for all human malaria parasites is discussed.

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Section: Molecular Phylogeny Of Plasmodium Spp With the Main Focus Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Phylogeny Of Plasmodium Spp With the Main Focus Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Standard Nested Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Recent Advances in Detection of Plasmodium ovale: Implications of Separation into the Two Species Plasmodium ovale wallikeri and Plasmodium ovale curtisi

Fuehrer

Noedl

2014

J Clin Microbiol

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“…The perfect linkage between the two dimorphic forms of P. ovale finally led to the introduction of P. ovale curtisi (the former classic type) and P. ovale wallikeri (the former variant type) (13). Recent studies documented the sympatric distribution of P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri in Africa and Asia and that they are morphologically indistinguishable (5,7,13).…”

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Two Techniques for Simultaneous Identification of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri by Use of the Small-Subunit rRNA Gene

et al. 2012

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The primers traditionally used to detect Plasmodium ovale infections are known for not binding all P. ovale parasites within the small-subunit rRNA gene when used alone. We describe a simple, cost-and time-efficient multiplex nested PCR and a nested PCR using a novel set of primers for the simultaneous detection of P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri. Genes of the small-subunit (SSU) rRNA are highly conserved regions that not only allow the discrimination of different Plasmodium species but can also be used for the phylogenetic characterization of a wide range of different malaria parasites (11). For the diagnosis of human malaria parasites, a nested PCR technique (NP-1993 protocol) that binds the SSU rRNA gene was originally developed in the early 1990s (12). This technique soon became one of the most widely used and standardized PCR techniques for the detection and differentiation of human malaria parasites. The lower limits of detection were reported to be between a single parasite in 10 l blood (0.000002% parasitemia) and six parasites in 1 l blood (9, 11). Several modifications of the NP-1993 protocol followed (2,8,9). It soon became obvious that the NP-1993 protocol had some limitations for the diagnosis of Plasmodium ovale (primers rOVA1/rOVA2). Some patient samples that were positive for P. ovale by microscopy gave negative results with the nested PCR, and finally an updated protocol was described in 2002 (11). The primers for the Nest2 analysis of P. ovale were changed to genus-specific primer rPLU2 combined with rOVA1.Until 2005, more than 14 different protocols had been published specifically for the diagnosis of P. ovale. On the basis of the availability of more specific diagnostic tools, P. ovale was divided into the classic and variant types. In 2005, the NP-2005 protocol using primers rOVA1v and rOVA2v to detect variant P. ovale parasites was presented (1).Subsequent studies showed that the differences between the classic and variant types of P. ovale are not limited to the SSU rRNA gene. The P. ovale reticulocyte binding protein 2 gene (porbp2) and tryptophan-rich antigen gene (potra) are other examples of genetic differences. The perfect linkage between the two dimorphic forms of P. ovale finally led to the introduction of P. ovale curtisi (the former classic type) and P. ovale wallikeri (the former variant type) (13). Recent studies documented the sympatric distribution of P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri in Africa and Asia and that they are morphologically indistinguishable (5, 7, 13).The combination of NP-1993 primers rOVA1 and rOVA2 for the diagnosis of P. ovale curtisi and the NP-2005 primer rOVA1v and rOVA2v has previously been published but still requires two separate PCRs (5).The principal aim of this study was to simplify the methodology for differentiating P. ovale curtisi and wallikeri (and thereby the methodology of adequate P. ovale molecular diagnosis) by developing a single PCR. We designed (i) new primers binding within the SSU rRNA gene that are highly specific for b...

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Pathogenesis of Malarial Parasites in Humans

Chua

Ataíde

Umbers

et al. 2015

Human Emerging and Re‐emerging Infections

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Plasmodium ovale in Bangladesh: Genetic diversity and the first known evidence of the sympatric distribution of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri in southern Asia

Cited by 55 publications

References 28 publications

Recent Advances in Detection of Plasmodium ovale: Implications of Separation into the Two Species Plasmodium ovale wallikeri and Plasmodium ovale curtisi

Recent Advances in Detection of Plasmodium ovale: Implications of Separation into the Two Species Plasmodium ovale wallikeri and Plasmodium ovale curtisi

Two Techniques for Simultaneous Identification of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri by Use of the Small-Subunit rRNA Gene

Pathogenesis of Malarial Parasites in Humans

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