Plastic bonded plywood using waste polypropylene container

Arya, Siddhartha; Chauhan, Shakti; Kumar, Ritesh

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.07.026

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As the annual plastic production rate reaches nearly 400 million metric tons, end-of-life plastic accumulation has created an environmental crisis. − Growing global concern has garnered attention toward developing chemical recycling to deconstruct polyolefin (PO) plastics into valuable products. − Polypropylene (PP) is one of the most durable and widely used PO plastics, comprising 21% of the global plastic production stream. ,, It is also one of the most challenging polymers to deconstruct due to its rigid backbone. ,, Previous hydrogenolysis works have investigated upcycling common POs, including PP, into lubricant base oils and wax intermediates for adhesives or sealants. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size and Structure Effects of Carbon-Supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles on Waste Polypropylene Hydrogenolysis Activity, Selectivity, and Product Microstructure

Sun,

Kots,

Hinton

et al. 2024

ACS Catal.

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Hydrogenolysis of plastic waste using Ru-based catalysts is promising for deconstructing polyolefins into lower molecular weight products. Yet, the effect of catalyst atomic structure and size on activity and product selectivity is poorly understood. Herein, we expose the effect of metal particle size and atomic structure on isotactic-polypropylene (i-PP) hydrogenolysis over Ru supported on carbon. Despite similar molecular weight distributions of solid and liquid products, their physical properties are distinct due to different chain regio-irregular CH3 sequences of steric pentads containing racemo configurations. We propose that i-PP hydrogenolysis entails an interplay of C–C bond scission and stereoisomerization. The active site’s local electronic environment and structure dictate the former, whereas polymer–catalyst surface interactions creating suitable polymer conformations control the latter. C–C scission and stereoisomerization are structure-sensitive. Small, disordered nanoclusters are effective in C–C bond scission, whereas larger metal nanoparticles promote stereoisomerization. We hypothesize that a heterogeneous distribution of metal active sites is essential for deconstruction and product (lubricant base oil) quality control.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size and Structure Effects of Carbon-Supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles on Waste Polypropylene Hydrogenolysis Activity, Selectivity, and Product Microstructure

Sun,

Kots,

Hinton

et al. 2024

ACS Catal.

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“…Until now, such containers were properly cut and utilized as adhesives in plywood production. The research included the selection of pressing temperatures to ensure the best bonding quality and prevent degradation of the containers [33]. Another example of obtaining eco-friendly adhesives for plywood involves utilizing extracts derived from the bark of grey alder (Alnus incana) and black alder (Alnus glutinosa), both rich in condensed tannins (CTs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upcycling of Wood Dust from Particleboard Recycling as a Filler in Lignocellulosic Layered Composite Technology

Wronka,

Kowaluk

2023

Materials

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The following research aims to investigate selected properties of three-layer plywood, manufactured using dust from the milling of three-layer particleboard as a filler in the bonding mass. Four types of fillers were considered in the study: commercial rye flour, wood dust naturally occurring in the composition of particles used industrially for particleboard production, wood dust from the first batch of shredded particleboard, and dust from the second round of milled particleboard. The highest modulus of elasticity (MOE) values were observed for the reference samples. Notably, in the samples containing filler sourced from the secondary milling of particleboard, the MOE exhibited an upward trend in conjunction with increasing filler content. The modulus of rupture (MOR) decreased with an elevated degree of filler milling from 73.1 N mm−2 for the native filler, through to 68.9 N mm−2 for the filler after 1st milling, and to 54.5 N mm−2 for the filler after 2nd milling (with 10 parts per weight (pbw) of filler used as an reference), though it increased slightly as the filler content increased. The most favorable outcomes in shear strength were achieved in samples containing filler material from the initial milling of particleboard. The thickness swelling peaked in variants utilizing filler material from both the initial and secondary milling of particleboards (20.1% and 16.6% after 24 h of soaking for samples with 10 pbw filler after the 1st and 2nd milling, respectively, compared to 13.0% for the reference samples). Water absorption testing exhibited a more pronounced response in the newly introduced variants, although the samples containing filler from the initial and secondary milling processes eventually yielded results akin to the reference sample, with naturally occurring dust displaying higher water absorption values. The highest density values (about 1224 kg m−3) were observed in the reference samples. A similar density profile was recorded for samples with five parts of wood flour as filler, although the density of the bonding line was slightly lower in these instances (1130 kg m−3). This research confirms the feasibility of applying the aforementioned dust as an alternative to conventional fillers in plywood technology. It also raises the question of how to effectively remove glue residues from wood-based composite dust, which would enhance their absorption properties.

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“…Many studies are being conducted to develop healthier and more environmentally friendly adhesives [15]. Veneer bonding experiments utilized various thermoplastic polymers, including HDPE [16]- [18], polystyrene [19]- [21], polypropylene [22], [23], or poly(vinyl chloride) [24]. These polymers were employed in different forms, such as textile fiber waste like polyurethane and polyamide-6 [25], recycled plastic shopping bags [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Eco-friendly Plywood Produced with Waste Polystyrene

2023

1st International Conference on Modern and Advanced Research Icmar 2023

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In this study, polystyrene (PS) has been melted using gasoline and used as an adhesive in Plywood production. Nowadays, thermoset resins which have formaldehyde emission are used in Plywood production. This study aims to enable the recycling of waste polystyrene and produce eco-friendly Plywood. Beech veneer (BC) with a thickness of 2 mm is used as the wood material. On top of the BC, PS sheets with the same width and length dimensions, but with a thickness of 5 mm, were placed. Then, gasoline was sprayed onto the PS sheets. In this way, 6 layers of BC and 5 layers of PS plates were overlapped together and cold-pressed under 4 bar pressure for 24 hours without using any heat during the process. Similarly, 3 pieces of 3 mm Medium Density Board (MDF) and 10 mm PS plate (20 kg/m 3 ) were overlapped each other and then cold-pressed. MDFs bonded with polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) were also prepared in 3 layers. Afterward, analysis samples were cut from these materials. Mechanical and physical characterization of the samples was conducted according to TSE (Turkish Standards Institution) standards, including bending, tensile, screw holding, density, water absorption, and thickness swelling analyses. According to results, it has been determined that the sample produced with PU has the highest mechanical strength and physical durability. The samples produced using melted PS exhibit mechanical strength and physical resistance above the standards. As a result of the study, it is concluded that waste PS, after being melted with gasoline, can be used as an adhesive in plywood production. Thus, eco-friendly plywood without formaldehyde emissions can be manufactured.

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Plastic bonded plywood using waste polypropylene container

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Size and Structure Effects of Carbon-Supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles on Waste Polypropylene Hydrogenolysis Activity, Selectivity, and Product Microstructure

Size and Structure Effects of Carbon-Supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles on Waste Polypropylene Hydrogenolysis Activity, Selectivity, and Product Microstructure

Upcycling of Wood Dust from Particleboard Recycling as a Filler in Lignocellulosic Layered Composite Technology

Preparation and Characterization of Eco-friendly Plywood Produced with Waste Polystyrene

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