Plastic pellets

Kumar, Narendra; Ukey, Piyush D.; Francis, Vishal; Singh, Ravi Pratap; Sahu, Sonika

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818311-3.00019-7

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…From Table 1, the average hardness of SoftClamp™ is 85.70 ± 0.42 Shore D, which agrees well with that of PEEK. [20] Expectedly, the hardness of the SoftClamp™ demonstrates a statistically signi cant higher hardness compared to both pure PP and PP/NR blends at all tested ratios (P < 0.001). The incorporation of NR into PP leads to a statistical reduction in both hardness and tensile strength (P < 0.001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of repeated autoclave on hardness and tensile strength of polypropylene/natural rubber developed for rubber dam clamp

Krajangta,

Nonthiphalang,

Phumpatrakom

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background To explore the feasibility of utilizing polypropylene (PP) and natural rubber (NR) blends as alternative material for rubber dam clamps in dentistry.Methods The hardness of various PP/NR blend ratios compared to the commercial product, SoftClamp™. Selected blend ratios exhibiting hardness values resembling rigid plastic were further evaluated for hardness and tensile strength after undergoing 1, 5, and 10 autoclave cycles.Results One-way ANOVA test results found that PP/NR blends exhibit significantly lower hardness (p < 0.001) than the commercial SoftClamp™. PP/NR ratios of 100/0, 90/10, and 80/20 exhibited hardness levels equivalent to 82%, 80%, and 75% of SoftClamp™, respectively. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant reductions in hardness (p < 0.001) and tensile strength (p < 0.001) with increasing NR content across all autoclave cycles. However, post-autoclave assessments at 1, 5, and 10 cycles demonstrated no statistically significant differences in tensile strength (p = 0.058) and hardness (p = 0.52) for PP/NR ratios of 100/0, 90/10, and 80/20 compared to their pre-autoclave states.Conclusions The reduction of the NR content within PP/NR blends decreases hardness and tensile strength while autoclaving did not significantly affect the hardness and tensile strength of PP/NR blends.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of repeated autoclave on hardness and tensile strength of polypropylene/natural rubber developed for rubber dam clamp

Krajangta,

Nonthiphalang,

Phumpatrakom

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…ABS is not soluble in water, but organic solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and esters can dissolve it. ABS is also considered a food-grade plastic [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Fdm Filamentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Various FDM Mechanisms Used in the Fabrication of Continuous-Fiber Reinforced Composites: A Review

Karimi,

Rahmatabadi,

Baghani

2024

Polymers

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Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technology that has emerged as a promising technique for fabricating 3D printed polymers. It has gained attention recently due to its ease of use, efficiency, low cost, and safety. However, 3D-printed FDM components lack sufficient strength compared to those made using conventional manufacturing methods. This low strength can be mainly attributed to high porosity and low sinterability of layers and then to the characteristics of the polymer used in the FDM process or the FDM process itself. Regarding polymer characteristics, there are two main types of reinforcing fibers: discontinuous (short) and continuous. Continuous-fiber reinforced composites are becoming popular in various industries due to their excellent mechanical properties. Since continuous reinforcing fibers have a more positive effect on increasing the strength of printed parts, this article focuses primarily on continuous long fibers. In addition to polymer characteristics, different mechanisms have been developed and introduced to address the issue of insufficient strength in 3D-printed FDM parts. This article comprehensively explains two main FDM mechanisms: in-situ fusion and ex-situ prepreg. It also provides relevant examples of these mechanisms using different reinforcing elements. Additionally, some other less frequently utilized mechanisms are discussed. Each mechanism has its own advantages and disadvantages, indicating that further development and modification are needed to increase the strength of 3D-printed FDM parts to be comparable to those produced using traditional methods.

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“…They are material extrusion, vat photopolymerization, powder bed fusion, material jetting, binder jetting, sheet lamination, and directed energy deposition [4]. Fused-deposition modeling, also referred to as material extrusion, involves the continuous extrusion of a molten thermoplastic filament to produce the desired object [5]. Fused-deposition modeling (FDM) is commonly used for prototyping, specific manufacturing, and small-scale production.…”

Section: Introduction 1additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sheet lamination involves the sequential stacking of materials, followed by the application of heat and an adhesive to securely fuse the layers and create finished items [25]. The applications of sheet lamination AM include prototyping, manufacturing Fused-deposition modeling, also referred to as material extrusion, involves the continuous extrusion of a molten thermoplastic filament to produce the desired object [5]. Fused-deposition modeling (FDM) is commonly used for prototyping, specific manufacturing, and small-scale production.…”

Section: Introduction 1additive Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder Bed Fusion 3D Printing in Precision Manufacturing for Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review

Joshua,

Raj,

Hameed Sultan

et al. 2024

Materials

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Precision manufacturing requirements are the key to ensuring the quality and reliability of biomedical implants. The powder bed fusion (PBF) technique offers a promising solution, enabling the creation of complex, patient-specific implants with a high degree of precision. This technology is revolutionizing the biomedical industry, paving the way for a new era of personalized medicine. This review explores and details powder bed fusion 3D printing and its application in the biomedical field. It begins with an introduction to the powder bed fusion 3D-printing technology and its various classifications. Later, it analyzes the numerous fields in which powder bed fusion 3D printing has been successfully deployed where precision components are required, including the fabrication of personalized implants and scaffolds for tissue engineering. This review also discusses the potential advantages and limitations for using the powder bed fusion 3D-printing technology in terms of precision, customization, and cost effectiveness. In addition, it highlights the current challenges and prospects of the powder bed fusion 3D-printing technology. This work offers valuable insights for researchers engaged in the field, aiming to contribute to the advancement of the powder bed fusion 3D-printing technology in the context of precision manufacturing for biomedical applications.

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Plastic pellets

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of repeated autoclave on hardness and tensile strength of polypropylene/natural rubber developed for rubber dam clamp

Effect of repeated autoclave on hardness and tensile strength of polypropylene/natural rubber developed for rubber dam clamp

Various FDM Mechanisms Used in the Fabrication of Continuous-Fiber Reinforced Composites: A Review

Powder Bed Fusion 3D Printing in Precision Manufacturing for Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review

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