Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor β-Subtype Regulates Proliferation and Migration of Gonocytes

Basciani, Sabrina; Luca, Gabriele De; Dolci, Susanna; Brama, Marina; Arizzi, Mario; Mariani, Stefania; Rosano, Giuseppe M.C.; Spera, Giovanni; Gnessi, Lucio

doi:10.1210/en.2008-0349

Cited by 73 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Gn apoptosis ensures a critical degree of selection in providing an appropriate germ cell population and its mechanisms have been partially elucidated (Rodriguez et al, 1997;Boulogne et al, 1999;Wu et al, 2005;Basciani et al, 2008). Apoptotic peaks were detected in gerbils before (7 d) and after (21 d), when the bulk of Gn relocation and levels were one third those found in rats (Boulogne et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Gonocyte Differentiation in Mongolian GerbilMeriones unguiculatusInvolves Asynchronous Maturation of Seminiferous Cords and Rapid Formation of Transitional Cell Stage

Pinto

Botta

Taboga

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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This study describes the neonatal differentiation of the Mongolian gerbil gonocytes, focusing on the relationship between its relocation to the basement membrane, apoptosis and postrelocation changes and also the distribution of androgen receptors (AR). Testes of gerbils from 1 to 35 days of age (d) were examined by high resolution light microscopy and immunocytochemistry for proteins PCNA, VASA, and AR as well as by the TUNEL method. Gonocytes were quantified according to degree of relocation into nonrelocated, relocating and relocated. Most of them were found in the center of seminiferous cords at 1 d but a small number of relocating and relocated gonocytes were already visible in the first postnatal day. After relocation, gonocytes change phenotypically to a transitional stage designated herein prospermatogonia. Both gonocyte relocation and transformation into spermatogonial lineage occur asynchronously in the seminiferous cords, mainly after 7 d. Gonocyte proliferation began before but peak after their relocation to basement membrane at the prospermatogonia stage. Higher levels of gonocyte apoptosis were found at 7 d and 21 d. From this time onward gonocytes were not found. Gonocytes and prospermatogonia showed high amounts of AR in their cytoplasm contrary to spermatogonial subtypes, indicating a possible AR inactivation in these cells. In conclusion, the process of gonocyte relocation in the gerbil extends until the second postnatal week, leads to their rapid differentiation into prospermatogonia and occurs simultaneously with the loss of androgen sensitivity. Differently from other laboratory rodents, the events regarding gonocyte maturation in the gerbil last longer and occur asynchronously in seminiferous cords. Anat Rec,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Gonocyte Differentiation in Mongolian GerbilMeriones unguiculatusInvolves Asynchronous Maturation of Seminiferous Cords and Rapid Formation of Transitional Cell Stage

Pinto

Botta

Taboga

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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“…Daily injections of E2 into P1 rat pups also increased the number of gonocytes 2-fold by P3 (Vigueras-Villasenor et al, 2006). Both PDGF-BB and E2 are produced in neonatal Sertoli cells, and PDGF receptors (PDGFRs) a, b, and variant truncated V1-PDGFRb are expressed in neonatal gonocytes (Basciani et al, 2008, Thuillier et al, 2003, Wang and Culty, 2007. Furthermore, gonocytes express RAF1 (v-rafleukemia viral oncogene 1), MAP2K1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1), and MAPK1/3 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3).…”

Section: Ink4bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycling to and from a stem cell niche: the temporal and spatial odyssey of mitotic male germ cells

Payne

2013

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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The development of male germ cells within the prenatal and prepubertal periods in mammals combines multiple biological events that integrate cell cycle regulation, epigenetic reprogramming, and cell migration along temporally and spatially dynamic lines. Germ cells arise from their precursor primordial germ cells in the mid-gestation embryo, forming gonocytes that enter G 0 phase cell cycle arrest within the fetal testis. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, activated retinoblastoma 1 protein, and increased levels of transforming growth factor beta 2 collectively influence this cell cycle arrest. Gonocyte quiescence persists until shortly after birth, whereupon the cells concomitantly re-enter the cell cycle and migrate towards a niche that establishes and maintains self-renewing spermatogonial stem cells and balances them with differentiating spermatogonia. Platelet-derived growth factor signaling is one of the mechanisms that regulates both mitotic activation and migration in neonatal gonocytes, along with mitogens, 17b-estradiol and retinoic acid, and chemoattractants C-C-motif ligand 9 and members of the ADAM, integrin, and tetraspanin families. Numerous germ cell-intrinsic proteins have been identified that ensure the retention of germ cells within the spermatogonial stem cell niche. Sertoli cells are a significant component of this niche, contributing essential growth factors and chemokines to spermatogonia. This review focuses on the dynamic events that occur to mitotic male germ cells before and during their arrival at this niche, with an emphasis on the cell cycle and directed migration.

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“…One common characteristic of fetal and postnatal gonocytes is that they are the site of intense DNA remethylation, required for the acquisition of paternal imprints and transposon silencing (Trasler 2009). While platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and 17b-estradiol were shown to induce neonatal gonocyte proliferation via MAPK activation (Li et al 1997, Basciani et al 2008, Thuillier et al 2010, the factors inducing fetal gonocyte proliferation have not been fully identified. The difference between mitotic fetal and neonatal rat gonocytes was clearly illustrated by their different responses to all-trans retinoic acid (RA) in organ culture studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammalian gonocyte and spermatogonia differentiation: recent advances and remaining challenges

Manku¹,

Culty²

2015

Reproduction

127

105

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The production of spermatozoa relies on a pool of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), formed in infancy from the differentiation of their precursor cells, the gonocytes. Throughout adult life, SSCs will either self-renew or differentiate, in order to maintain a stem cell reserve while providing cells to the spermatogenic cycle. By contrast, gonocytes represent a transient and finite phase of development leading to the formation of SSCs or spermatogonia of the first spermatogenic wave. Gonocyte development involves phases of quiescence, cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Spermatogonia, on the other hand, remain located at the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules throughout their successive phases of proliferation and differentiation. Apoptosis is an integral part of both developmental phases, allowing for the removal of defective cells and the maintenance of proper germ-Sertoli cell ratios. While gonocytes and spermatogonia mitosis are regulated by distinct factors, they both undergo differentiation in response to retinoic acid. In contrast to postpubertal spermatogenesis, the early steps of germ cell development have only recently attracted attention, unveiling genes and pathways regulating SSC self-renewal and proliferation. Yet, less is known on the mechanisms regulating differentiation. The processes leading from gonocytes to spermatogonia have been seldom investigated. While the formation of abnormal gonocytes or SSCs could lead to infertility, defective gonocyte differentiation might be at the origin of testicular germ cell tumors. Thus, it is important to better understand the molecular mechanisms regulating these processes. This review summarizes and compares the present knowledge on the mechanisms regulating mammalian gonocyte and spermatogonial differentiation.

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Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor β-Subtype Regulates Proliferation and Migration of Gonocytes

Cited by 73 publications

References 53 publications

Neonatal Gonocyte Differentiation in Mongolian GerbilMeriones unguiculatusInvolves Asynchronous Maturation of Seminiferous Cords and Rapid Formation of Transitional Cell Stage

Neonatal Gonocyte Differentiation in Mongolian GerbilMeriones unguiculatusInvolves Asynchronous Maturation of Seminiferous Cords and Rapid Formation of Transitional Cell Stage

Cycling to and from a stem cell niche: the temporal and spatial odyssey of mitotic male germ cells

Mammalian gonocyte and spermatogonia differentiation: recent advances and remaining challenges

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