Platinum loaded cyclomatrix polyphosphazene submicrospheres improve fire retardancy of epoxy with very low addition

Guo, Xiaodong; Geng, Xiaowei; Gao, Xiangdi; Zhang, Xin; Yang, Danqi; Xu, Jin-Quan; Ma, Haiyun

doi:10.1016/j.coco.2018.10.004

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Extremely low Pt content significantly improved the flame retardants of epoxy composites. The catalytic carbonization of Pt and PPS sub-microspheres contributed to the improvement of flame retardants [ 24 ]. Zhu assembled poly (cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4′-sulfonyl diphonel) nanotubes onto a carbon fiber surface by in situ template polymerization as a new type of multi-scale hybrid reinforcement material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a Reactive Template-Induced Core–Shell PZS@ZIF-67 Composite Microspheres and Its Application in Epoxy Composites

et al. 2021

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Developing superior properties of epoxy resin composites with high fire resistance, light smoke, and low toxicity has been the focus of the research in the flame-retardant field. In particular, it is essential to decrease the emissions of toxic gases and smoke particles generated during the thermal decomposition of epoxy resin (EP) to satisfy the industrial requirements for environmental protection and safety. Consequently, the PZS@ZIF-67 composite was designed and synthesized by employing the hydroxyl group-containing polyphosphazene (poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4′-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone), PZS) as both the interfacial compatibility and an in situ template and the ZIF-67 nanocrystal as a nanoscale coating and flame-retardant cooperative. ZIF-67 nanocrystal with multidimensional nanostructures was uniformly wrapped on the surface of PZS microspheres. Subsequently, the acquired PZS@ZIF-67 composite was incorporated into the epoxy resin to prepare composite samples for the study of their fire safety, toxicity suppression, and mechanical performance. Herein, the EP/5% PZS@ZIF-67 passed the V-0 rating in a UL-94 test with a 31.9% limit oxygen index value. More precisely, it is endowed with a decline of 51.08%, 28.26%, and 37.87% of the peak heat release rate, the total heat release, and the total smoke production, respectively. In addition, the unique structure of PZS@ZIF-67 microsphere presented a slight impact on the mechanical properties of EP composites at low loading. The PZS@ZIF-67 possible flame-retardant mechanism was speculated based on the analysis of the condensed phase and the gas phase of EP composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a Reactive Template-Induced Core–Shell PZS@ZIF-67 Composite Microspheres and Its Application in Epoxy Composites

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, it is favorable to coordinate various flame retardants to achieve an unexpected flame retardant effect, which has been reported. For instance, platinum nanoparticle loaded polyphosphaziene submicrosphere (Pt-PPS) was prepared, and the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) of EP with the addition of 2 wt % Pt-PPS were reduced by 40.2% and 23.2%, respectively, contributed to the catalytic carbonization effect of Pt synergizing with PPS submicrospheres . Therefore, the modified LDH utilizing polyphosphazenes is expected to have a great benefit in enhancing the fire safety of EP, which remains to be investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Hierarchical NiCo-LDH@PZS Hollow Dodecahedron Architecture and Application in High-Performance Epoxy Resin with Excellent Fire Safety

Zhou

Cai

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

117

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Developing advanced performance epoxy (EP) resin with low flammability and light smoke has been an increasing focus of its research. Especially, it is crucial to reduce the emission of smoke and toxic gases generated during the burning of EP, so that it meets the green and safe industrial requirement. Therefore, a 3D NiCo-LDH@PZS hollow dodecahedral structure was designed and synthesized by using the ZIF-67 as both the precursor and an in situ sacrificial template and the amino group-containing polyphosphazene (PZS) as interfacial compatibilizer and flame retardant cooperative. The release behaviors of heat, smoke, and poisonous gases were carefully investigated. More precisely, the EP/

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“…However, PET is flammable, and growing concerns over fire hazards have led to an immense interest in flame-retardant PET. Polyphosphazenes have been used as essential organic-inorganic hybrid materials because of their excellent thermal and chemical stability 2 in biomaterials, [3][4][5][6] membranes, 7 flame retardance, 8,9 and optoelectrical materials. 10,11 In recent years, an increasing effort has been devoted to study phosphazene-containing polymers owing to their high flame retardancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of weak intermolecular interactions in micro/nanoscale polyphosphazenes and polyethylene terephthalate composites on flame retardancy

Zhu

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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This study investigates the effects of weak intermolecular interactions on the flame retardancy of a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and polyphosphazene flame retardant. Monodispersed poly-(cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4 0 -sulfonyldiphenol) (PZS) microspheres with different diameters were synthesized by controlling the reactant concentration. Simulation studies revealed that the weak intermolecular interactions between PZS and PET predominantly include strong hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. The weak intermolecular interactions imparted high thermal stability, even in the molten state, and PZS microspheres with smaller diameters achieved stronger hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions with PET. The diameter of the PZS microspheres influenced the limiting oxygen index value and UL-94 rating. Increasing the carbon residue alone was insufficient to promote the flame retardancy, and the weak intermolecular interactions played an important role. Thus, stronger weak-intermolecular-interactions are beneficial for realizing a material with superior flame retardancy and anti-dropping performance.

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Platinum loaded cyclomatrix polyphosphazene submicrospheres improve fire retardancy of epoxy with very low addition

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Synthesis of a Reactive Template-Induced Core–Shell PZS@ZIF-67 Composite Microspheres and Its Application in Epoxy Composites

Synthesis of a Reactive Template-Induced Core–Shell PZS@ZIF-67 Composite Microspheres and Its Application in Epoxy Composites

Design of Hierarchical NiCo-LDH@PZS Hollow Dodecahedron Architecture and Application in High-Performance Epoxy Resin with Excellent Fire Safety

Effect of weak intermolecular interactions in micro/nanoscale polyphosphazenes and polyethylene terephthalate composites on flame retardancy

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