Pleistocene Geography and the Distribution of Northern Pinnipeds

Davies, J. L.

doi:10.2307/1929971

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…largha, and Phoca vitulina richardsi as hosts, it is apparent that during the summer season all except I? vitulina forage in pelagic environments and commonly exploit zooplankton (Davies 1958;King 1983). The host specificity of parasites and foraging behavior of some phocines have constituted limitations on the potential for host switching and broad radiation of Anophryocephalus among Holarctic pinnipeds (Hoberg and Adams 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the Late Pliocene, radiation of these tetrabothriids has been associated only with pinnipeds from high-latitude seas of the Holarctic (Hoberg and Adams 1992). Among recognized hosts of Anophryocephalus, ringed seals (Phoca (Pusa) hispida Schreber) were apparently one of few species of marine mammals to remain in the Arctic basin during glacial maxima (Davies 1958). Putative subspecific differentiation of ringed seals, particularly around the margins of the Arctic basin but also in the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk, is indicative of historical isolation of numerous populations since the Pliocene (Anderson 1942;Davies 1958;Ray 1976;King 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among recognized hosts of Anophryocephalus, ringed seals (Phoca (Pusa) hispida Schreber) were apparently one of few species of marine mammals to remain in the Arctic basin during glacial maxima (Davies 1958). Putative subspecific differentiation of ringed seals, particularly around the margins of the Arctic basin but also in the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk, is indicative of historical isolation of numerous populations since the Pliocene (Anderson 1942;Davies 1958;Ray 1976;King 1983). Contemporary isolation of local populations has been further reinforced by the largely sedentary habits of these seals (McLaren 1958;Finley et al 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Historical biogeography and modes of speciation across high-latitude seas of the Holarctic: concepts for host – parasite coevolution among the Phocini (Phocidae) and Tetrabothriidae (Eucestoda)

Hoberg¹

1995

Can. J. Zool.

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Species of Anophryocephalus are host-specific parasites of pinnipeds in the Holarctic. Phylogenetic analysis of 7 species postulates A. anophrys as the basal taxon and A. inuitorum as basal to A. skrjabini; A. arcticensis is basal to A. nunivakensis and A. eumetopii + A. ochotensis (single tree; consistency index = 74.4%; homoplasy slope ratio = 36.45%). Evaluation of host and geographic distributions postulates ringed seals of the Atlantic-Arctic as ancestral hosts, and the Arctic basin as a paraphyletic area with respect to the North Pacific. Cospeciation within this assemblage was dependent on intense isolation of small effective populations of definitive hosts during the late Tertiary and Pleistocene glacial stages. Rapid modes of parasite speciation, compatible with microallopatry and peripheral isolation, appear to have been associated with isolation of pinniped populations in refugial habitats of the Arctic basin and Beringia. The biogeography of host -parasite assemblages among pinnipeds and Alcidae (Charadriiformes) during the Pliocene and Quaternary contrasts in part with the history elucidated for some free-living invertebrate taxa in the Arctic basin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Historical biogeography and modes of speciation across high-latitude seas of the Holarctic: concepts for host – parasite coevolution among the Phocini (Phocidae) and Tetrabothriidae (Eucestoda)

Hoberg¹

1995

Can. J. Zool.

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“…Several reports based on fossil records have been published to date on the origins of the Baikal seal (Kozhov, 1963;Ray, 1976;Repenning et al ., 1979;Davies, 1958;MacLaren, 1960). The results of these studies present two primary hypotheses on the origins of the Baikal seal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, the Pusa group may have evolved along with the Baikal, Caspian and ringed seals from a common ancestor in the trace of the Paratethyan Basin, and then moved eastward through canals and lakes formed during glaciation. Some of these groups may have eventually settled in Lake Baikal, while the ancestor of the ringed seal continued northward and distributed over a wide range in the Arctic Ocean (Davies, 1958;MacLaren, 1960). The latter hypothesis suggests that the ancestor of the Baikal seal reached Lake Baikal much earlier than suggested by the former hypothesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Origin and Genetic Relationships of the Baikal Seal, Phoca sibirica, by Restriction Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA

2003

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Historical faunal exchange between the Pontocaspian Basin and North America

Vandendorpe

Baak²,

Stelbrink

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Ecrobia is a genus of small brackish‐water mud snails with an amphi‐Atlantic distribution. Interestingly, the species occurring in the northwestern Atlantic, Ecrobia truncata, is more closely related to the Pontocaspian taxa, Ecrobia grimmi and Ecrobia maritima, than to the species occurring in the northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. At least three colonization scenarios may account for this peculiar biogeographical pattern: (1) a recent human‐mediated dispersal, (2) a historical transatlantic interchange, and (3) a historical transpolar interchange. To test these three scenarios, we used five operational criteria—time of species divergence, first appearance in the fossil record, dispersal limitation as well as environmental filtering and biotic interactions along the potential migration routes. Specifically, we inferred a time‐calibrated molecular phylogeny for Ecrobia and reconstructed a paleogeographical map of the Arctic Ocean at 2.5 million years ago (Mya). Based on the five operational criteria, scenarios 1 and 2 can likely be rejected. In contrast, all criteria support scenario 3 (historical transpolar interchange). It is therefore suggested that a bird‐mediated and/or ocean current‐mediated faunal interchange via the Arctic Ocean occurred during the Late Pliocene or Early Pleistocene. This dispersal was likely facilitated by reduced distances between the Eurasian and North American/Greenland landmasses, marine introgressions, and/or a stepping‐stone system of brackish‐water habitats in northern Siberia, as well as a lack of competition along the migration route. As for the direction of dispersal, the scientific data presented are not conclusive. However, there is clearly more support for the scenario of dispersal from the Pontocaspian Basin to North America than vice versa. This is the first study providing evidence for a natural faunal exchange between the Pontocaspian Basin and North America via the Arctic Ocean.

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Pleistocene Geography and the Distribution of Northern Pinnipeds

Cited by 43 publications

References 10 publications

Historical biogeography and modes of speciation across high-latitude seas of the Holarctic: concepts for host – parasite coevolution among the Phocini (Phocidae) and Tetrabothriidae (Eucestoda)

Historical biogeography and modes of speciation across high-latitude seas of the Holarctic: concepts for host – parasite coevolution among the Phocini (Phocidae) and Tetrabothriidae (Eucestoda)

The Origin and Genetic Relationships of the Baikal Seal, Phoca sibirica, by Restriction Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA

Historical faunal exchange between the Pontocaspian Basin and North America

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