“…Numerous natural and engineered adsorbents have been developed, such as carbonaceous adsorbents (activated carbons, carbon nanotubes, grapheme oxide, biomass ashes), clay minerals (montmorillonite, zeolite, palygorskite, struvite), siliceous materials, metal–organic frameworks, polymer resin, layered boron nitride and molybdenum disulfide, etc. These adsorbents have exhibited attractive performance due to their large surface area, modified structure properties or specific surface characteristics …”