Ploidy levels and reproductive behaviour in natural populations of five Paspalum species

Sartor, Maria Esperanza; Quarín, Camilo Luis; Urbani, Mario Hugo; Espinoza, Francisco

doi:10.1007/s00606-011-0416-4

Cited by 45 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Using flow cytometry we measured the mode of reproduction of F 1 , F 2 , and BC individuals and the proportion of seeds produced via apomixis (apospory plus parthenogenesis) and sexuality (meiosis plus double fertilization). As previously reported for different species of the genus (Siena et al, 2008;Sartor et al, 2009Sartor et al, , 2011Aguilera et al, 2011;Rebozzio et al, 2011;Hojsgaard et al, 2013), the FCSS method allowed us to rapidly and easily determine the reproductive mode of a large number of plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Samples of fresh leaf tissue from 4PT  GR19 population were analyzed by flow cytometry according to Sartor et al (2011) to determine the ploidy level of the F 1 progeny. Bulks of leaf tissue from five to 10 experimental F 1 plants plus a standard of known ploidy were prepared by mixing 0.5 cm 2 of leaf tissue from each plant.…”

Section: Ploidy Level Of Experimental Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inheritance of Aposporous Apomixis in Inter‐specific Hybrids Derived from Sexual Paspalum plicatulum and Apomictic Paspalum guenoarum

et al. 2015

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Apomictic Paspalum plicatulum Michx. and P. guenoarum Arechav. are promising candidates for forage grass development in tropical regions. From a plant breeding perspective, apomixis provides a unique mechanism for developing superior cultivars and preserving them indefinitely. Therefore, analysis of its inheritance is of great interest in these apomictic species. The objective of this work was to analyze the inheritance and expressivity of apomixis in interspecific families derived from crosses between a sexual colchicine‐induced plant of P. plicatulum and an apomictic P. guenoarum plant. One F1, one F2, and three backcross (BC) populations were created. Amplified fragment‐length polymorphism (AFLP) markers confirmed the hybrid origin of the F1 descendants. Analysis of the reproductive mode of the F1 by flow cytometry seed screen (FCSS) showed a segregation ratio of 1.6:1 sexual vs. apomictic plants. The same analysis in F2 and BC populations showed that in selfing or crosses involving sexual genotypes all progeny reproduced by sexuality, while BC populations involving apomictic hybrids as pollen donors produced offspring that segregated for the reproductive mode. Apomixis can be transmitted by pollen from P. guenoarum to other species of the Plicatula group as a simplex (Aaaa) Mendelian dominant factor, and full sexual reproduction requires the homozygous recessive (nulliplex) condition (aaaa) for the apomixis determinant. Results provided here are of interest for breeding apomictic species of Plicatula and for basic research on the genetic determinants of apomixis. Also, the possibility of creating new apomictic cultivars by traditional breeding methods is presented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Ploidy Level Of Experimental Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of Aposporous Apomixis in Inter‐specific Hybrids Derived from Sexual Paspalum plicatulum and Apomictic Paspalum guenoarum

et al. 2015

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“…Paun et al, 2006). Nowadays, new seed screening methods and progeny tests, aided by molecular markers, allow the extensive analysis of hundreds, or even thousands, of individuals to quantify reproductive pathways in individuals and populations (Matzk et al, 2000;Sherwood, 2001;Aliyu et al, 2010;Cosendai & Hörandl, 2010;Sartor et al, 2011). These methods, when coupled with classic embryological studies, elucidate the diverse nature of progenies derived from apomictic plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition between meiotic and apomictic pathways during ovule and seed development results in clonality

2012

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SummaryMeiotic and apomictic reproductive pathways develop simultaneously in facultative aposporous species, and compete to form a seed as a final goal. This developmental competition was evaluated in tetraploid genotypes of Paspalum malacophyllum in order to understand the low level of sexuality in facultative apomictic populations.Cyto-embryology on ovules, flow cytometry on seeds and progeny tests by DNA fingerprinting were used to measure the relative incidence of each meiotic or apomictic pathway along four different stages of the plant's life cycle, namely the beginning and end of gametogenesis, seed formation and adult offspring.A high variation in the frequencies of sexual and apomictic pathways occurred at the first two stages. A trend of radical decline in realized sexuality was then observed. Sexual and apomictic seeds were produced, but the efficiency of the sexual pathway dropped drastically, and exclusively clonal offspring remained.Both reproductive pathways are unstable at the beginning of development, and only the apomictic one remains functional. Key factors reducing sexuality are the faster growth and parthenogenetic development in the aposporous pathway, and an (epi)genetically negative background related to the extensive gene de-regulation pattern responsible for apomixis. The effects of inbreeding depression during post-fertilization development may further decrease the frequency of effective sexuality.

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“…However, it exhibits different levels of ploidy and reproductive behavior, whereby diploid populations reproduce sexually while polyploids reproduce by apomixes (Sartor et al, 2011). Cross-breeding when one of the parent plants reproduces sexually generates variability and enables the selection of elite progeny in the first generation, since hybrid vigor will be fixed due to apomixis (Acuña et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic divergence among interspecific Paspalum hybrids based on seed production traits

et al. 2017

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The use of genetic divergence as a basis for identifying superior individuals, with greater heterozygosity, is important in view of the difficulty when selecting of dissimilar genotypes exhibiting high average for interest traits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic divergence and the expression of seed production traits in seventeen apomictic Paspalum plicatulum × Paspalum guenoarum hybrids and two male parents (P. guenoarum). A randomized block design was used, with genotypes individually arranged into ten blocks. The following traits were assessed: total number of tillers/plant (TT), reproductive tiller/plant (RT), number of racemes per inflorescence (NRI), reproductive tiller height (RTH), inflorescence rachis length (IRL), number of seeds/inflorescence (NSI), weight of a thousand seeds (WTS) and seed production (SP). Genetic divergence among the genotypes was estimated using the Tocher method and UPGMA clustering, based on the generalized Mahalanobis distance (D 2 ii'). The Tocher and UPGMA optimization methods showed high concordance. The traits that most contributed to genetic divergence were RTH (23.59%), IRL (21.63%), WTS (16.67%) and SP (14.23%). The presence of genetic diversity made it possible to identify divergent genotypes and those with high means for the traits studied, allowing the selection of genotypes with significant breeding potential. Repeated cross-breeding of female superior plants with the genotypes Azulão and H20 can result in a high heterosis effect on seed production characteristics.

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Ploidy levels and reproductive behaviour in natural populations of five Paspalum species

Cited by 45 publications

References 43 publications

Inheritance of Aposporous Apomixis in Inter‐specific Hybrids Derived from Sexual Paspalum plicatulum and Apomictic Paspalum guenoarum

Inheritance of Aposporous Apomixis in Inter‐specific Hybrids Derived from Sexual Paspalum plicatulum and Apomictic Paspalum guenoarum

Competition between meiotic and apomictic pathways during ovule and seed development results in clonality

Genetic divergence among interspecific Paspalum hybrids based on seed production traits

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