Ploughing a poorly drained grassland reduced N2O emissions compared to chemical fallow

MacDonald, J. D.; Rochette, Philippe; Chantigny, Martin H.; Angers, Denis A.; Royer, Isabelle; Gasser, Marc‐Olivier

doi:10.1016/j.still.2010.09.005

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Previous studies found higher N2O from minimum versus no-till (Ball et al, 1999;Velthof et al, 2010;MacDonald et al, 2011), and higher N2O from minimum versus standard tillage (Rochette et al, 2008). These studies attributed higher emissions in no-till and min-till to greater soil compaction, reduced gas diffusivity and less aerobic conditions, however in this study there was no significant difference between CT and MT in the post-ploughing measurement period.…”

Section: Nitrous Oxide Losses Post-ploughingcontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…In soils with high clay content under cool and wet weather conditions reduced tillage stimulated N2O emissions (Ball et al 2008, Rochette et al 2008. MacDonald et al (2011) also found that in wet weather conditions fallow soils emitted twice the amount of N2O compared to conventional tillage. There are conflicting reports on the effect of tillage method on N leaching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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The effect of renovation of long-term temperate grassland on N2O emissions and N leaching from contrasting soils

Król

Jones

Williams

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Renovation of long-term grassland is associated with a peak in soil organic N mineralisation which, coupled with diminished plant N uptake can lead to large gaseous and leaching N losses. This study reports on the effect of ploughing and subsequent N fertilisation on the N2O emissions and DON/ NO3 -leaching, and evaluates the impact of ploughing technique on the magnitude and profile of N losses. This study was carried out on isolated grassland lysimeters of three Irish soils representing contrasting drainage properties (well-drained Clonakilty, moderately-drained Elton and poorly-drained Rathangan). Lysimeters were manually ploughed simulating conventional (CT) and minimum tillage (MT) as two treatments. Renovation of grassland increased N2O flux to a maximum of 0.9 kg N2O-N ha -1 from poorly-drained soil over four days after treatment. Although there was no difference between CT and MT in the post-ploughing period, the treatment influenced subsequent N2O after fertiliser applications. Fertilisation remained the major driver of N losses therefore reducing fertilisation rate post planting to account for N mineralised through grassland renovation could reduce the losses in medium to longer term. Leaching was a significant loss pathway, with the cumulative drainage volume and N leached highly influenced by soil type.Overall, the total N losses (N2O + N leached) were lowest from poorly and moderately draining soil and highest for the well draining soil, reflecting the dominance of leaching on total N losses and the paramount importance of soil properties.

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Section: Nitrous Oxide Losses Post-ploughingcontrasting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The effect of renovation of long-term temperate grassland on N2O emissions and N leaching from contrasting soils

Król

Jones

Williams

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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“…The soil was an imperfectly drained Le Bras series, silty clay loam (270 g clay kg − 1 , 420 g silt kg − 1 ; loamy, mixed, frigid, Typic Humaquept). Details of soil characteristics and site history can be found in Angers et al (2010) and MacDonald et al (2010;2011).…”

Section: Study Site and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil soluble carbon dynamics of manured and unmanured grasslands following chemical kill and ploughing

et al. 2011

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“…Such a transfer may have diminished the relationship between NO 3 -N concentration and N 2 O production in a wet winter-spring. Similarly, MacDonald et al (2011) observed that N 2 O emissions from chemical fallow during the high-rainfall season better corresponded with changes in NO 3 -N at 30 cm depth than at 10 cm. During the hot and dry summer-autumn period, the effect of low WFPS is likely to override any effect of high substrate availability (mineral N) on N 2 O emissions, lowering the correlations in this period.…”

Section: Effect Of Soil Environment (Wfps and Temperature) On N 2 O Pmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Reported rates of N 2 O emissions after pasture termination are conflicting and vary depending on soil type, precipitation, fertilisation rates and fallow duration. For example, MacDonald et al (2011) -1 were emitted from one year of fallow after termination of a native grass sod in a semi-arid area of Nebraska, USA (Kessavalou et al 1998). Annual cumulative emissions were 0.08 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 from fallow plots in a fallow-wheat rotation in a Mediterranean climate in Spain (Tellez-Rio et al 2015) and 0.24 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 in a semi-arid climate in North America (Dusenbury et al 2008).…”

Section: Effect Of Pasture Termination On Nitrous Oxide Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the agricultural practice of pasture termination in reducing soil N2O emissions in high-rainfall cropping systems of south-eastern Australia

Belyaeva¹,

Officer²,

Armstrong

et al. 2016

Soil Res.

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Abstract. Conversion of long-term pasture to cropping was investigated for its effects on nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions in a 2-year field experiment in the high-rainfall zone of south-western Victoria. Early termination (pasture terminated 6 months before sowing) followed by winter (ETw) and spring (ETs) crops and late termination (pasture terminated 1 month before sowing) followed by a winter crop (LTw) were compared with continuous, mown pasture (MP). Emissions of N 2 O were measured with an automated gas sampling and analysing system.Emissions from MP were the lowest throughout the study, resulting in annual losses of 0.13 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 in the first and the second years of the experiment. N 2 O-N loss was 0.6 kg ha -1 from treatments without fallow in both years (LTw in 2013 and ETs in 2014). In the first year, annual losses from previous fallow in ETw and ETs plots were 7.1 and 3.6 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 , respectively. Higher annual N 2 O losses from treatments with fallow periods continued in the second year of the study and were 2.0 and 1.3 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 from ETw and LTw treatments, respectively. High emissions were associated with N mineralisation and the accumulation of NO 3 -N in the soil during the extensive fallow period after early pasture termination or wheat harvest. Soil water content was a key factor influencing the temporal fluctuations in N 2 O emissions. Low emissions occurred when water-filled pore space was <30%, whereas high emissions occurred when it was >65%, suggesting that denitrification was the major source of N 2 O emission. Crop grain yield was not affected by the duration of fallow (and therefore timing of pasture termination) in the first year, but was lower (P < 0.05) in the treatment without fallow in the second year. Terminating pasture late rather than early, thus reducing the length of the fallow period, is a practical way of reducing N 2 O emissions from mixed pasture-cropping systems.

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Ploughing a poorly drained grassland reduced N2O emissions compared to chemical fallow

Cited by 29 publications

References 41 publications

The effect of renovation of long-term temperate grassland on N2O emissions and N leaching from contrasting soils

The effect of renovation of long-term temperate grassland on N2O emissions and N leaching from contrasting soils

Soil soluble carbon dynamics of manured and unmanured grasslands following chemical kill and ploughing

Use of the agricultural practice of pasture termination in reducing soil N2O emissions in high-rainfall cropping systems of south-eastern Australia

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