Plume dispersion and bifurcation in directional shear flows associated with complex terrain

Reible, Danny D.; Shair, F. H.; Kauper, Erwin

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(81)90307-3

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…High intensities are implicit in the ovoid shape of many perimeters in which flame lines expanded both parallel and oblique to streamlines (Chandler et al 1983). Directional sheer between synoptic and local winds increase upward mixing of air moisture (Reible and Shair 1981;King et al 1987) may also encourage greater fire spread rates and intensities. The predominance of fires in autumn may also promote high fire intensities due to the progressive decline in fuel moisture during the dry season (Christensen 1985;.…”

Section: Fire Weathermentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildland Fire Patch Dynamics in the Chaparral of Southern California and Northern Baja California

Minnich¹,

Chou²

1997

Int. J. Wildland Fire

146

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In ecosystems where fire occurrence has significant time-dependence, fire sequences should exhibit system-regulation that is distinguished by nonrandom (nonstationary), self-organizing patch dynamics related to spatially constrained fire probabilities. Exogenous factors such as fire weather, precipitation variability, and terrain alter the flammability of vegetation and encourage randomness in fire occurrence within pre-existing patch structure. In Californian chaparral, the roles of succession/fuel build-up and exogenous factors is examined by taking advantage of a 100 yr 'natural experiment' in southern California (SCA) and northern Baja California, Mexico (BCA), where factors influencing fire occurrence have been systematically altered by divergent management systems. In SCA, suppression has been practiced since 1900. In BCA, fire control was not official policy until the 1960s and has not been effectively practiced. Fire perimeter histories for 1920-1971 in SCA and BCA, reconstructed from fire history records and repeat aerial photographs, are compared for fire frequency (events/area), size, rotation periods, stand age structure, ignition rates, weather, burning season, and drought. Landscape-scale fire rotation periods are long (≈70 yr) regardless of management policies because fire occurrence is driven by the gradual development of fire hazard during succession, produced by small annual increments of growth and litterfall, as well as by high fuel moisture in evergreen shrubs. Without fire control frequent fires establish fine-grained mosaics. Fire control reduces fire frequencies, increases fire size, and encourages coarse-scale patch structure. Patch dynamics exhibit evidences of nonrandom turnover. Fire size distributions reflect the nearest-neighbor distances between patches below some age-dependent combustion threshold (CT) in the patch mosaic that resist the spread of fires in stands older than CT. Regional burn rates are poorly related to fire frequency, ignition rates, drought, and terrain. The small size of fires in BCA may be reinforced by interactions between fire and pre-existing, fine-grained patch structure, and by random fire occurrence in the probability distributions of fire weather and climate. In SCA, fires are nonrandomly restricted by fire control to extreme weather.

show abstract

Section: Fire Weathermentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildland Fire Patch Dynamics in the Chaparral of Southern California and Northern Baja California

Minnich¹,

Chou²

1997

Int. J. Wildland Fire

146

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Reible, Shair, and Kauper (1981) The examples of and Reible, Shair, and Kauper (1981) The basic interpolation and extrapolation method used by MEDIC is the inverse square formula applied to the four closest observations. The vertical structure of the wind field is calculated in one of two ways, parameterized and profile methods.…”

Section: Comparison Of Modeled Instantaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling SF{sub 6} plume dispersion in complex terrain and meteorology with a limited data set

Schalk¹

1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Although there may be no unique quantitative answer to questions on the airflow, likely dispersion and aerosol concentration from identified sources in every meteorological situation over complex terrain, work reported, for example, by Rowe et al (1982), Reible et al (1981), H unt & Snyder (1980 and Scorer (1968) draws together information from case studies; in agricultural extension work, the qualitative understanding of factors influencing airflow and carriage of aerosol should enable the worst of errors in the location of animal units to be avoided.…”

Section: (Iii) Local Advantagementioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne infection and livestock disease control: a meteorological appreciation

Smith

1983

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The range of collaborative activities between meteorologist and veterinarian seen as necessary to ensure appropriate advice in epizootics is discussed briefly. Non-specific advice relevant to commercial and advisory practice is examined under two headings, the nature and scale of the disease challenge and the success of that challenge. The first of these areas of interest explores host—microparasite contact as measured by the time integral of ambient aerosol concentration and air sampling rate. This leads to comment on herd size and the siting of animal units, both locally and regionally. The success of the disease challenge is seen to require examination of the impact of environmental factors on immune function. The importance of the thermal environment in this respect is emphasized, but the view is noted that advances in understanding and technology for control of the thermal environment in animal housing may have done little to advance biological performance. An extension of house design ventilation criteria is suggested so that air hygiene and air contaminant load may be considered. The new ventilation requirements are measured against existing design requirement in examples.

show abstract

Plume dispersion and bifurcation in directional shear flows associated with complex terrain

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Wildland Fire Patch Dynamics in the Chaparral of Southern California and Northern Baja California

Wildland Fire Patch Dynamics in the Chaparral of Southern California and Northern Baja California

Modeling SF{sub 6} plume dispersion in complex terrain and meteorology with a limited data set

Airborne infection and livestock disease control: a meteorological appreciation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About