Plutonium Inhalation Studies: IV. Mortality in Dogs after Inhalation of Pu 239 O 2

Bair, W.J.; Willard, D.H.

doi:10.2307/3571280

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The same pattern of weight gains and losses was evident in beagle dogs after inhalation of plutonium aerosols. Dogs with ILB between 0.37 and 3.7 kBq (0.01 and 0.1 pCi) 239PuO2/g lung gained weight a t the same rate as control dogs for the first 8 to 10 weeks after exposure and, thereafter, steadily lost weight until they died (Bair and Willard, 1962;West and Bair, 1964). Dogs exposed to 238PuO2 that had ILB between 3.7 and 37 kBq (0.1 and 1.0 pCi)/g lung began losing weight almost immediately after exposure; weight loss reached 25 to 50% before death.…”

Section: Body-weiqht Chanqesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…For large ILB (greater than 3.7 kBq [0.1 pCi]/g lung) in beagle dogs, decreased concentrations of circulatory lymphocytes were apparent beginning 1 to 3 weeks after exposure to 239Pu02 aerosols. Depression continued until death, a t which time lymphocyte concentrations were approximately 20% of normal (Bair and Willard, 1962;West and Bair, 1964). Relatively high lung burdens of 238PuO2 (between 19 and 93 kBq (0.5 and 2.5 vCi]/g lung) caused severe lymphopenia; lymphocyte concentrations dectreased to 6% of pre-exposure values (Park et al, 1969).…”

Section: Hematoloq Ic C Hanqesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an early experiment with beagle dogs (Bair and Willard, 1962), 3.7 kBq (0.1 pCi)/g lung was considered an acutely lethal ILB. A group of dogs with ILB between 3.7 and 33 kBq (0.1 and 0.9 pCi)/g lung nearly all died within 400 days of exposure; the majority of deaths occurred between 55 and 200 days.…”

Section: Inhaled Plutonium Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The survival times of rats with ILB of 3.7 and 18.5 kBq (0.1 and 0.5 pCi)/g lung were between 100 and 300 days after exposure (Stuart et al, 1968); however, dogs with similar ILB died sooner. Ninety-three percent of 15 dogs exposed to 238PuO2 and 79% of 28 dogs exposed to 239Pu02 were dead within 150 days of exposure (Bair and Willard, 1962;Yuile et al, 1970;Park et al, 1969). In another study (Bair et al, 1980), all beagle dogs and 94% of baboons with ILB in that range were dead within 150 days.…”

Section: Inhaled Plutonium Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhaled /sup 239/PuO/sub 2/ and/or total-body gamma radiation: Early mortality and morbidity in rats and dogs

Filipy¹,

Decker²,

Lai³

et al. 1988

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Rats and beagle dogs were given doses of 6OCo gamma radiation and/or body burdens of 239Pu02 within lethal ranges in an experiment to determine and compare morbidity and mortality responses of both species within 1 year after exposure. Radiation-induced morbidity was assessed by measuring changes in body weights, hematologic parameters, and pulmonary-function parameters. Gamma radiation caused transient morbidity, reflected by immediately depressed blood cell concentrations and by long-term loss of body weight and diminished pulmonary function in animals of both species that survived the acute gamma radiation syndrome. Inhaled plutonium caused a IOSS of body weight and diminished pulmonary function in both species, but its only effect on blood cell concentrations was lymphocytopenia in dogs. Combined gamma irradiation and plutonium lung burdens were synergistic, in that animals receiving both radiation insults had higher morbidity and mortality rates than would be predicted based on the effect of either kind of radiation alone. Plutonium lung burdens enhanced the effect of gamma radiation in rats within the first 30 days of exposure, and gamma radiation enhanced the long-term effect of plutonium lung burdens in both species. Rats were less sensitive to both kinds of radiation, whether administered alone or in combination. Comparable mortality endpoints required higher doses to rats (by a factor of nearly four) than to dogs and nearly twice the lung dose for dogs from inhaled plutonium was required to produce comparable pulmonary-function impairment in rats. It was concluded that the beagle dog is a better model than the rat for predicting the effect of similar radiation insults in humans.

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Section: Body-weiqht Chanqesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Hematoloq Ic C Hanqesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inhaled Plutonium Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inhaled Plutonium Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Inhaled /sup 239/PuO/sub 2/ and/or total-body gamma radiation: Early mortality and morbidity in rats and dogs

Filipy¹,

Decker²,

Lai³

et al. 1988

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To some degree, excretion of intravenously administered plutonium by man and dog is similar In one of these studies [31], Pu02 doses were large enough to produce mortality in 55 to 412 days. From these observations, the authors deduced that beyond 2 weeks the total body retention was represented by the expression, p=A e (t 2 14), (Eq.…”

Section: Plutonium Eliminationmentioning

confidence: 99%