PM2.5 chemical source profiles for vehicle exhaust, vegetative burning, geological material, and coal burning in Northwestern Colorado during 1995

Watson, John G.; Chow, Judith C.; Houck, James E.

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00171-5

Cited by 578 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…One sample in each group of ten samples was analyzed twice for quality control purposes. Typical precisions (percent relative standard deviation) for the 12 pairs of samples were calculated by the equation: Chow et al 1993Chow et al , 2001Fung et al 2002). This method produces data for four OC fractions (OC1, OC2, OC3, and OC4), which are released in a helium atmosphere at temperatures of 140…”

Section: Water-soluble Inorganic Ion Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characteristics of Fine Particles (PM₁) from Xi'an, China

Shen

Cao

Arimoto

et al. 2010

Aerosol Science and Technology

102

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Daily mass concentrations of water-soluble inorganic (WS-i) ions, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) were determined for fine particulate matter (PM 1 , particles < 1.0 µm in diameter) collected at Xi'an, China. The annual mean PM 1 mass concentration was 127.3 ± 62.1 µg m -3 : WS-i ions accounted for ∼38% of the PM 1 mass; carbonaceous aerosol was ∼30%; and an unidentified fraction, probably mostly mineral dust, was ∼32%. WS-i ions and carbonaceous aerosol were the dominant species in winter and autumn, whereas the unidentified fraction had stronger influences in spring and summer. Ion balance calculations indicate that PM 1 was more acidic than PM 2.5 from the same site. PM 1 mass, sulfate and nitrate concentrations followed the order winter > spring > autumn > summer, but OC and EC levels were higher in autumn than spring. Annual mean OC and EC concentrations were 21.0 ± 12.0 µg m −3 and 5.1 ± 2.7 µg m -3 with high OC/EC ratios, presumably reflecting emissions from coal combustion and biomass burning. Secondary organic carbon, estimated from the minimum OC/EC ratios, comprised 28.9% of the OC. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis indicates that secondary aerosol and combustion emissions were the major sources for PM 1 .

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Section: Water-soluble Inorganic Ion Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characteristics of Fine Particles (PM₁) from Xi'an, China

Shen

Cao

Arimoto

et al. 2010

Aerosol Science and Technology

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, it is difficult to conclude the presence of SOC from the absolute values of OC:EC alone, because OC:EC ratios vary considerably from source to source because of different source emission strengths of OC and EC. 6,[42][43][44] For an indirect method to evaluate the SOC concentrations, Castro et al 5 suggested that samples having the lowest OC:EC ratios contain almost exclusively primary carbonaceous compounds based on the consistent presence of a clear min ratio for OC:EC in urban and rural areas, in the winter and summer. According to these researchers, the SOC concentration can be estimated from:…”

Section: Estimation Of Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Carbonaceous Species of Ambient PM_2.5 in Beijing, China

Yang

et al. 2005

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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One-week integrated fine particulate matter (i.e., particles Ͻ2.5 m in diameter; PM 2.5 ) samples were collected continuously with a low-flow rate sampler at a downtown site and 18%, respectively, higher than those at Chegongzhuang, which could be attributed to different local emissions of primary carbonaceous particles and gaseous precursors of SOC, as well as different summer photochemical intensities between the two locations.

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“…S-rich particles also contained some Na and Si, which may have originated partly from biomass burning but also from many other sources (e.g. marine aerosols, fossil fuel burning and refuse incineration) during transport (Watson et al, 2001;Ooki et al, 2002).…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and source identification of a fine particle episode in Finland

Niemi

Tervahattu

Vehkamäki

et al. 2004

Atmospheric Environment

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A strong long-range transported (LRT) fine particle (PM 2:5 ) episode occurred from March 17-22, 2002 over large areas of Finland. Most of the LRT particle mass was in the submicrometre size fraction. The number of concentrations of 90-500 nm particles increased by a factor of 5.6 during the episode, but the concentrations of particles smaller than 90 nm decreased. This reduction of the smallest particles was caused by suppressed gas-to-particle conversion due to the vapour uptake of LRT particles. Individual particle analyses using SEM/EDX showed that the proportion of sulphurrich particles rose strongly during the episode and that the relative weight percentage of potassium was unusually high in these particles. The median S/K ratios of S-rich particles were 2.1 at the beginning of the episode, 5.2 at the peak stage of the episode and 8.9 during the reference days. The high proportion of K is a clear indication of emissions from biomass burning, because K is a good tracer of biomass-burning aerosols. Trajectories and satellite detections of fire areas indicated that the main source of biomass-burning aerosols was large-scale agricultural field burning in the Baltic countries, Belarus, Ukraine and Russia. The higher S/K ratio of S-rich particles during the peak stage was obviously due to the increased proportion of fossil fuel-burning emissions in the LRT particle mass, since air masses arrived from the more polluted areas of Europe at that time. The concentrations of sulphate, total nitrate and total ammonium increased during the episode. Our results suggest that large-scale agricultural field burning may substantially affect PM 2:5 concentrations under unfavourable meteorological conditions even at distances over 1000 km from the burning areas. r

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PM2.5 chemical source profiles for vehicle exhaust, vegetative burning, geological material, and coal burning in Northwestern Colorado during 1995

Cited by 578 publications

References 13 publications

Chemical Characteristics of Fine Particles (PM₁) from Xi'an, China

Chemical Characteristics of Fine Particles (PM₁) from Xi'an, China

Characterization of Carbonaceous Species of Ambient PM_2.5 in Beijing, China

Characterization and source identification of a fine particle episode in Finland

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PM2.5 chemical source profiles for vehicle exhaust, vegetative burning, geological material, and coal burning in Northwestern Colorado during 1995

Cited by 578 publications

References 13 publications

Chemical Characteristics of Fine Particles (PM1) from Xi'an, China

Chemical Characteristics of Fine Particles (PM1) from Xi'an, China

Characterization of Carbonaceous Species of Ambient PM2.5 in Beijing, China

Characterization and source identification of a fine particle episode in Finland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Chemical Characteristics of Fine Particles (PM₁) from Xi'an, China

Chemical Characteristics of Fine Particles (PM₁) from Xi'an, China

Characterization of Carbonaceous Species of Ambient PM_2.5 in Beijing, China