Pneumomediastinum in COVID-19: Merely a Matter of Lung Frailty?

Somasundram, Khevan; Agbontaen, Kaladerhan Osemwengie; Singh, Suveer

doi:10.1159/000518367

Cited by 10 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This is because COVID-19 damages the type 2 pneumocytes creating inflammation and damage to the alveoli [ 1 , 9 ]. As a result, the alveoli become more susceptible to rupture and, therefore, allow a pneumomediastinum to occur [ 1 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumomediastinum due to spontaneous tracheal breach in COVID-19

Glendinning

Hill

Forte

2022

Radiology Case Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumomediastinum due to spontaneous tracheal breach in COVID-19

Glendinning

Hill

Forte

2022

Radiology Case Reports

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“…Data on ECMO efficacy in COVID-19 related ARDS are limited and mainly come from case reports or from the experiences of single centers. The reported mortality rate was 39% (95% CI 34–43) [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iatrogenic Barotrauma in COVID-19-Positive Patients: Is It Related to the Pneumonia Severity? Prevalence and Trends of This Complication Over Time

et al. 2022

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COVID-19 has attracted worldwide attention ever since the first case was identified in Wuhan (China) in December 2019 and was classified, at a later time, as a public health emergency of international concern in January 2020 and as a pandemic in March 2020. The interstitial pneumonia caused by COVID-19 often requires mechanical ventilation, which can lead to pulmonary barotrauma. We assessed the relationship between pneumonia severity and the development of barotrauma in COVID-19-positive patients mechanically ventilated in an intensive care unit; we therefore analyzed the prevalence of iatrogenic barotrauma and its trends over time during the pandemic in COVID-19-positive patients undergoing mechanical ventilation compared to COVID-19-negative patients, making a distinction between different types of ventilation (invasive mechanical ventilation vs. noninvasive mechanical ventilation). We compared CT findings of pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax in 104 COVID-19-positive patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit and 101 COVID-19-negative patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the period between October 2020 and December 2021. The severity of pneumonia was not directly correlated with the development of barotrauma. Furthermore, a higher prevalence of complications due to barotrauma was observed in the group of mechanically ventilated COVID-19-postive patients vs. COVID-19-negative patients. A higher rate of barotrauma was observed in subgroups of COVID-19-positive patients undergoing mechanical ventilation compared to those treated with invasive mechanical ventilation. The prevalence of barotrauma in COVID 19-positive patients showed a decreasing trend over the period under review. CT remains an essential tool in the early detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of the clinical course of SARS-CoV2 pneumonia; in evaluating the disease severity; and in the assessment of iatrogenic complications such as barotrauma pathology.

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“…Among the many different manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, an uncommon complication of COVID-19 pneumonia is pneumomediastinum, which is characterized by the presence of free air in the mediastinum [ 2 ]. A structured survey of pneumomediastinum and its incidence was conducted in the United Kingdom among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and found an incidence of 0.64% per inpatient admission (377 cases were identified from 58 484 inpatients with COVID-19) [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the setting of COVID-19 pneumonia, pneumomediastinum is thought to be precipitated by sub-pleural alveolar rupture [ 2 ]. The pathophysiology of this condition remains obscure [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pneumomediastinum: A Case Report

Cardoso¹,

Castro²,

Gaspar³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that spread rapidly around the world, causing an enormous overload on the health systems of the different affected countries. Among the many different manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, an uncommon complication is the development of pneumomediastinum.In the clinical case presented, the patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia and due to severe refractory hypoxemia, she was submitted to therapy with non-invasive ventilation (NIV). After initial stabilization and improvement, there was unexpected clinical deterioration and pneumomediastinum was diagnosed. The purpose of this report is to highlight the importance of considering pneumomediastinum as a complication of COVID-19 pneumonia in cases subjected to non-invasive ventilation.

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Pneumomediastinum in COVID-19: Merely a Matter of Lung Frailty?

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Pneumomediastinum due to spontaneous tracheal breach in COVID-19

Pneumomediastinum due to spontaneous tracheal breach in COVID-19

Iatrogenic Barotrauma in COVID-19-Positive Patients: Is It Related to the Pneumonia Severity? Prevalence and Trends of This Complication Over Time

COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pneumomediastinum: A Case Report

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