Pneumonia and disseminated bacteremia with Pasteurella multocida in the immune competent host: A case report and a review of the literature

Abstract

Pasteurella multocida is primarily an opportunistic infection, most commonly of skin and soft tissue following animal bites particularly in the elderly and immunocompromised. While invasive disease with P. multocida has been documented in patients at high risk, such as those with organ transplants, malignancy, and cirrhosis, infections other than cellulitis associated with this pathogen are exceedingly rare in the immunocompetent population. We report a 70 year old Caucasian female with occurrence of a P. multocida pneumonia and resultant bacteremia in an immunocompetent host. Similar to prior case studies, the patient presented with a history of having significant exposure to animals at her residence. We undertook a review of the literature for reports of disseminated P. multocida in immunocompotent hosts in the absence of the typical presentation of cellulitis. Literature has suggested the possibility of nasal and oropharyngeal colonization of patients with frequent interactions with domestic animals, in whom periods of suppressed immune function may lead to activation of infection. P. multocida is commonly susceptible to most beta-lactams, including those utilized for the treatment of community acquired pneumonia. The utilization of macrolides should be avoided in these patients as susceptibilities are unpredictable, however fluoroquinolones maintain activity and may be an alternative therapy.

<i>Pasteurella</i><i> </i><i>multocida</i><i> </i>Bacteremia and Osteomyelitis from a Diabetic Foot Ulcer

“…Case reports have demonstrated sequelae of disseminated infection that may hematogenously spread and cause pneumonia, lung abscess, empyema, septic joint, osteomyelitis, intra-abdominal and central nervous system infection. Rare cases of endocarditis and ocular infections have been documented [4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Dissemination is responsive to treatment but carries a significant mortality risk of about 30% [7] warranting hospitalization and supportive care in addition to appropriate antimicrobials.…”

Bacteremia primaria por Pasteurella multocida en un paciente con hepatopatía crónica y cáncer de pulmón

“…INTRODUCCIÓN El género Pasteurella, nombrado así en honor a Louis Pasteur, posee varias especies la mayoría de importancia en medicina veterinaria. (1,2) Afecta un amplio grupo de animales: ovejas, ratones, ganado, pájaros, perros y gatos (2,3,4) ; sin embargo, Pasteurella multocida es la especie más común como causa de infecciones oportunistas en humanos, así como también ocasionando infecciones en mordeduras de perro y gato fundamentalmente. Autores como Wilson y Ho consideran que debido a la alta prevalencia de esta bacteria como parte de la microbiota en animales domésticos y salvajes y a la cada vez más frecuente interacción con humanos, la transmisión zoonotica de P. multocida es un riesgo para la infección.…”

“…Este agente causa varios procesos infecciosos, los más comunes en piel y tejidos blandos, frecuentemente luego de rasguños o mordeduras por gatos o perros, quienes son portadores entre 70%-90% y 20%-50% respectivamente. (1) El tracto respiratorio es el segundo sitio más común de infección. (7) La mayoría de cuadros de neumonía se presentan en adultos mayores con enfermedad pulmonar crónica, pero pueden verse también infecciones de vía aérea superior y abscesos.…”

A Rare Case of Glossitis due toPasteurella multocidaafter a Cat Scratch

“…However these organisms can cause several infections in humans, usually as a result of cat scratches or cat or dog bites or licks. There have been multiple cases of septic shock [2, 3], bacteremia [4], prosthetic valve endocarditis [5, 6], aortic endograft infection [7], primary shoulder involvement [8], total knee replacement infection [9], meningitis [10, 11], and even pneumonia [12, 13] or empyema [14]. It was also reported in deep sternal wound infection [15], peritonitis due to peritoneal dialysis [16, 17], endophthalmitis [18], chorioamnionitis from vaginal transmission [19], frontal osteomyelitis Pott's puffy tumor [20], infection in solid organ transplantation [21], lung and liver abscess [22], and even failed renal transplant [23].…”