Poczucie lokalizacji kontroli u skazanych powracających do przestępstwa a postrzeganie przez nich własnych rodzin pochodzenia

Abstract

Subjectively perceived locus of control provides information on the extent of individual adaptation and how the individual deals with difficulties in various spheres of life. Learning to perceive the connection between our behavior, its positive and negative effects and taking measures to achieve the desired effect is the result of repeated experience. Family factors are crucial for shaping the locus of control, i.e. parental attitude, the relationship between a child and their parents and the child's experience in various socio-educational situations. This article presents the results of a survey on locus of control in penitentiary recidivists and their perception of selected aspects of upbringing in their families of origin. The survey uses J.B. Rotter's Locus of Control Scale translated by L. Drwal's, and the author's own questionnaire. The participants of the survey were 245 recidivists and penitentiary multi-recidivist offenders in two types of penitentiaries -semi-open and closed. It was established that the penitentiary recidivists have an external locus of control. There were, however, no significant associations between locus of control and a type of family of origin as well as the number of repeated offences. Penitentiary recidivists perceive their own families of origin as having numerous problems and the characteristics which were probably the cause of the formation of an external locus of control (i.a. unemployment, poverty, alcoholism in the family and helplessness or passivity of parents in the face of growing problems, dominant, parental

Risk Factors and Protective Factors in the Family of Origin in the Biographies of Two Adult Rehabilitation Centre Wards – Case Study of Two Women

“…), he demonstrated that risk factors existing in their families included: lack of parental control, lack of communication in the family, physical punishments, psychoactive substance abuse by parents, large family and incomplete family. Similar conclusions were drawn by Beata Maria Nowak (2017), after an analysis of families of origin of repeat offenders. Moreover, the researcher demonstrated an accumulation of adverse factors in the families of origin of repeat offenders, such as unemployment, poverty, alcoholism, as well as helplessness or passiveness of parents in the face of accumulating problems.…”

“…Family risk factors, which foster the occurrence of problem (e.g. criminal) behaviour among children, include low parental support, caregivers' indifference towards children and their problems (Deković,1999;Kiliszek, 2016;Nowak, 2017). When Rolf Loeber et al (1998) analysed the family environment of boys who exhibited problem behaviour (crime, psychoactive substance use, physical aggression, depression etc.…”

Praca jako czynnik chroniący ekswięźniów przed powrotnością do przestępstwa i wykluczeniem społecznym

“…Diagnozą czynników sprzyjających i utrudniających readaptację społeczną recydywistom zajmowały się m.in. Aleksandra Korwin-Szymanowska (2009), Dagmara Woźniakowska (2006), Monika Marczak (2009), Dorota Pstrąg (2009), Anna Fidelus (2012), Aneta Domżalska (2013), Renata Szczepanik (2012Szczepanik ( , 2015Szczepanik, Śliwerski, 2017) oraz Beata M. Nowak (2017Nowak ( , 2017aNowak ( , 2017bNowak ( , 2018. Wyniki ich badań wskazują, że pomimo wprowadzania coraz to nowych rozwiązań systemowych osoby opuszczające zakłady karne nadal nie są dostatecznie przygotowane do radzenia sobie na wolności.…”

“…Wyniki badania innych aspektów tego zagadnienia zostały już opublikowane. Dotyczyły one diagnozy poziomu samooceny i poczucia stygmatyzacji (Nowak, 2017), hierarchii wartości (Nowak, 2017a), poczucia lokalizacji kontroli (Nowak, 2017b) oraz analizy sytuacji byłych więźniów na rynku pracy (Nowak, 2018).…”

At Risk of Social Exclusion. Labor Market Disadvantage of Ex-Convicts – The Case of Poland

“…The presented study was conducted on the basis of the quantitative strategy in view of the objective, which constitutes a search for general regularities describing the general population (Rubacha, 2013). It is a part of multifaceted research on the threat of former convicts' return to crime and social exclusion, but perceived by them themselves (Nowak, 2017a and b). The study data were obtained as a result of a retrospective description performed by 245 penitentiary recidivists (137 one-time and 108 multiple), selected in a purposeful and random sampling scheme, detained in two types of prisons for recidivists -semiopen (110 prisoners) and closed (135 prisoners).…”