Pod Yield Production Among Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars in South Carolina

Abstract

The objective of this work was to compare peanut yield production potential for runner and Virginia market type cultivars in South Carolina. Cultivar selection decisions are integrally linked to pod yield production potential of a planted field and are often based on available historic and recent yield data. To aid farmers in this process, 24 and 27 field experiments were conducted in South Carolina between 2015 and 2020 for runner and Virginia type cultivars, respectively, to examine yield production potential. Top grouping runner type cultivars consisted of Georgia-16HO, FloRun 331, TUFRunner 297, and Georgia-12Y. Virginia type cultivars within the statistical grouping with the greatest yield included Walton and Bailey II. Total sound mature kernels among runner type cultivars was greatest for Georgia-16HO and Georgia-06G, followed by TUFRunner 297, Georgia-14N, TUFRunner 511, and Georgia-18RU. Virginia type cultivars did not significantly vary with regard to total sound mature kernels in this study. Results generated from this work may be useful as a reference to help inform cultivar selection decisions.

Farmer insights on harvesting peanut: A survey from the Virginia–Carolina region of the United States

“…The question relative to damage from these insects was designed to establish a baseline for damage from these pests in the absence of chlorpyrifos. Currently, there are no pesticides that control burrower bug and southern corn rootworm in peanut (Anco, 2023;Brandenburg, 2023).…”

Survey of herbicide and fungicide use in peanut in North Carolina and Virginia in the United States

“…The high frequency of chlorothalonil use is explained by how this fungicide is recommended for use in peanut combined with its comparatively economical price point (Anco et al., 2020a). This fungicide does not protect peanut from southern stem rot disease but does offer protection from leaf spot disease (Anco, 2023; Langston, 2023; Shew, 2023). Protection from leaf spot disease is needed throughout the cropping cycle after peanut reaches the R3 stage of development (Boote, 1982) up to harvest (Shew, 2023).…”

“…Pathogens causing diseases as well as weeds can reduce yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) if effective control measures are not implemented (Anco, 2023;Anco et al, 2020aAnco et al, , 2020bAnco et al, , 2020cJordan, 2023;Jordan et al, 2020;Leon et al, 2019;Shew, 2023). Late leaf spot disease [caused by Nothopassalora personata (Berk.…”

“…), and Sclerotinia blight (caused by Sclerotinia minor Jagger) are the most prominent diseases in peanut production in North Carolina and Virginia in the United States (Langston, 2023; Shew, 2023). Establishing effective crop rotation sequences, planting cultivars with partial resistance to pathogens, and applying effective fungicides in a timely manner to control the pathogens causing these diseases are practices used in concert to optimize peanut yield (Anco, 2023; Langston, 2023; Shew, 2023). Multiple fungicide applications are made during the cropping cycle and are initiated no later than beginning pod or R‐3 stage of peanut development (Boote, 1982).…”

“…Multiple fungicide applications are made during the cropping cycle and are initiated no later than beginning pod or R‐3 stage of peanut development (Boote, 1982). Fungicides used in peanut are primarily protective with minimal curative activity against disease (Anco, 2023; Langston, 2023; Shew, 2023). In most cases, fungicides are applied every 14 days during the latter portion of the cropping cycle depending on weather patterns (e.g., humidity in the peanut canopy and temperature) and field history of disease (Anco, 2023; Langston, 2023; Shew, 2023).…”