Pododermatitis in Captive-Reared Black Stilts (<i>Himantopus novaezelandiae</i>)

Chang, Elizabeth; Tompkins, Daniel M.; Maloney, Richard F.; Sancha, Emily; Wharton, David A.

doi:10.1638/2010-0215.1

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…As mute swans are amongst the heaviest of all birds (Reynolds, 1972), flooring and substrate type and chronic inactivity should be considered from a health and well‐being perspective. In other species of bird, the amount of time spent stationary in captivity can predispose individuals to pododermatitis (Reissig et al, 2011; Wyss et al, 2013). Heavy‐bodied birds in small enclosures with restricted movement are more likely to develop foot lesions (Faux & Logsdon, 2022; Sander et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Never be mute about bird welfare: Swanning around with environmental enrichment

Claydon,

Brereton,

Rose

2023

Zoo Biology

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Environmental enrichment (EE) is commonly provided to animals managed under human care, being beneficial to behavioral diversity and improving animal welfare. Use of EE appears to be particularly beneficial to individual wild animals spending a short period of time in captivity, for example, as part of conservation or rehabilitation programs. This paper documents a case study on the application and relevance of EE for a group of captive mute swans housed in a rescue center. Observational data were analyzed for two groups of juvenile swans that were provided with a physical EE device to increase time spent foraging. Periods of no EE were observed and compared to data from when birds were provided with EE. Results show that EE promoted foraging time and helped to reduce long periods of inactivity in captive birds. EE helped to reduce occurrence of captive‐focused (i.e., abnormal behaviors) although these was already seen at very low rates. Inactivity as a measure of welfare in captive swans specifically (and waterbirds generally) should be further investigated to understand potential impacts on bird health. Our research shows the benefits of simple and easy‐to‐use EE devices on captive animal behavior and how use of EE for individuals spending a short amount of time in captivity (e.g., within a rescue center) could ensure diversity of behavior patterns and promote the performance of adaptive behaviors upon release to the wild.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Never be mute about bird welfare: Swanning around with environmental enrichment

Claydon,

Brereton,

Rose

2023

Zoo Biology

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“…FPD is a common husbandry condition of captivereared birds characterized by local injury to the integument of the foot (usually the digital or plantar metatarsal pads). Symptoms include scab formation, thickenings, swellings, inflammation and ulcerative lesions of the subcutaneous tissues of the foot pads and, in extreme cases, distortion of the digits and septic arthritis of the joints and osteomyelitis (Reissig et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foot Pad Dermatitis Associated with Osteomyelitis in a Mute Swan (Cygnus olor)

Jahandideh¹,

Manouchehri²,

Jahanshiri³

et al. 2018

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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A Captive mute swan with swelling abscesses in foot pads of both legs was presented. A complete blood count reveals systemic infection. Radiographs showed radiopaque areas in foot pad of both legs and osteomyelitic periosteal reaction in left foot. After anesthesia, surgical debridement was carried out to remove pus and necrotic tissue on the plantar surface of both feet. Full surgical debridement, effective antibiotics, good post-surgical care and husbandry are affecting factors that cause no recurs of disease despite osteomyelitis.

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“…For the survival model, predictors included: age at release, release location (Efrat et al 2020), weight at release, year released, captive behaviour (Biro & Stamps 2008), the frequency that an individual used supplementary food in the period after release, management type (parent or hand reared; Ellis et al 2000;Efrat et al 2020), the presence/absence of ulcerative pododermatitis (Bumblefoot; Reissig et al 2011), congenital deformities (e.g. splayed legs, twisted spine, clubbed feet), injury, illness and, specifically, encephalitis while in captivity.…”

Section: Predictor Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impacts could take the form of long-term brainfunction and motor-control limitations for encephalitis infection (LB, unpubl. data), and problems with walking/standing, bone degradation, and osteomyelitis for bumblefoot (Reissig et al 2011). Such pathologies are likely masked in captivity where resources are provided in excess, but impacts may be more pronounced once affected individuals are released.…”

Section: Survivability Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of hatching and recruitment success for captively reared kakī (Himantopus novaezelandiae)

Bourke¹,

Brown²,

Seddon³

et al. 2022

NZJE

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Captive-rearing of wildlife for release has been used with variable success in the conservation management of a range of species. These programmes protect individuals through a vulnerable life stage with the aim of releasing them to re-enforce wild populations once threats are minimised. To maximise the effectiveness of captive-rearing, species' managers must understand how management decisions and procedures affect individual outcomes during both the rearing phase and post-release. We used management records for 1177 kakī (Himantopus novaezelandiae; black stilt) eggs and 846 released individuals collected from 2013 to 2020 to investigate: (1) effects of parentage, clutch characteristics, and embryo age on hatchability; and (2) impacts of release variables, captive-rearing conditions, supplementary feeding, and individual health on post-release survival. Multivariate generalised additive models were created to explore these relationships. Top models showed that, in general, highest hatchability was associated with eggs that were heavier, from intermediatesized clutches, with longer parental incubation, and that were laid by dams 12 to 18 years of age. We show that intensive egg pulling from nests does not have a negative impact on the hatchability of subsequent clutches (up to three). While it is important to maximise hatchability outcomes where possible, hatchability rates for the period are high and comparatively larger gains for the species can be made addressing low survival of released individuals. Trends in survivability show that individuals released as sub-adults, that used supplementary food more often, and that were less inbred, had the best survival outcomes. Having had (but recovered from) encephalitis and/or pododermatitis in captivity reduced an individual's probability to survive once released. These trends can be used to inform best practice species management and provide rationale for further study of kakī hatchability and survivability.

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Pododermatitis in Captive-Reared Black Stilts (Himantopus novaezelandiae)

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Never be mute about bird welfare: Swanning around with environmental enrichment

Never be mute about bird welfare: Swanning around with environmental enrichment

Foot Pad Dermatitis Associated with Osteomyelitis in a Mute Swan (Cygnus olor)

Determinants of hatching and recruitment success for captively reared kakī (Himantopus novaezelandiae)

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