Polar organic fraction of air particulate matter

Wauters, Eric; Vangaever, F.; Sandra, Pat; Verzele, M.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)84244-2

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As a consequence, concentrations of only a minority of individual compounds (typically 10% or less of the total organic mass) have been quantified through chemical analysis of extracts using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (Finlayson-Pitts and Pitts, 1986;Rogge et al, 1993a). Most often the chemical analysis is performed on a fraction that extracts in relatively nonpolar organic solvents such as benzene, ether, hexane or cyclohexane (Wauters et al, 1979;Mazurek et al, 1987) and hence information on the molecular composition of the more polar and potentially water-soluble organic PM is particularly sparse. Recent empirical studies find that some of the organic compounds in atmospheric particles absorb water (Novakov and Penner, 1993;Saxena et al, 1995); thus, a need exists for better characterization of this presumably water-soluble fraction.…”

Section: Introduction and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble organics in atmospheric particles: A critical review of the literature and application of thermodynamics to identify candidate compounds

1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although organic compounds typically constitute a substantial fraction of the fine particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere, their molecular composition remains poorly characterized. This is largely because atmospheric particles contain a myriad of diverse organic compounds, not all of which extract in a single solvent or elute through a gas chromatograph; therefore, a substantial portion typically remains unanalyzed. Most often the chemical analysis is performed on a fraction that extracts in organic solvents such as benzene, ether or hexane; consequently, information on the molecular composition of the water-soluble fraction is particularly sparse and incomplete.This paper investigates theoretically the characteristics of the water-soluble fraction by splicing together various strands of information from the literature. We identify specific compounds that are likely to contribute to the water-soluble fraction by juxtaposing observations regarding the extraction characteristics and the molecular composition of atmospheric particulate organics with compound-specific solubility and condensibility for a wide variety of organics. The results show that water-soluble organics, which constitute a substantial fraction of the total organic mass, include C2 to C7 multifunctional compounds (e.g., diacids, polyols, amino acids). The importance of diacids is already recognized; our results provide an impetus for new experiments to establish the atmospheric concentrations and sources of polyols, amino acids and other oxygenated multifunctional compounds.

show abstract

Section: Introduction and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble organics in atmospheric particles: A critical review of the literature and application of thermodynamics to identify candidate compounds

1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although several experimental results have shown that organic compounds (OC) constitute an important fraction of atmospheric aerosol [e.g., Seinfeld and Pandis, 1998], their molecular composition still remains poorly known. Identified organic compounds in aerosol typically account for 10% or less of the mass of total or-molecular composition of aerosol OC after single or multiple organic solvent extraction of samples [Wauters et al, 1979;Mazurek et al, 1987;Rogge et al, 1993]. However, in these methods a substantial portion of polar oxygenated organic compounds, the more water-soluble ones, remains unanalyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of water‐soluble organic compounds in atmospheric aerosol: A new approach

Decesari¹,

Facchini²,

Fuzzi³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

424

419

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. A new methodological approach is proposed to characterize aerosol water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC). Real aerosol and fog water samples were subjected to a procedure based on a combination of chromatographic separations, functional group investigation by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR), and total organic carbon determination. The complex mixture of aerosol/fog WSOC was separated by a chromatographic procedure into three main classes of compounds:(1) neutral/basic compounds; (2) mono-and di-carboxylic acids; (3) polyacidic compounds. Characterization by HNMR spectroscopy showed that fraction 1 is mainly composed of polyols or polyethers, fraction 2 is mainly composed of hydroxylated aliphatic acidic compounds, while fraction 3 is composed of highly unsaturated polyacidic compounds of predominantly aliphatic character, with a minor content of hydroxyl-groups. Quantitative data on the three classes of compounds were then derived from total organic carbon analysis, showing that the three separated fractions together account for 77% (in terms of C) of the total WSOC concentration of a fog water sample. Further quantitative information on the functional groups present in the three separated fractions can be obtained from HNMR spectra. This newly proposed approach to aerosol WSOC characterization provides comprehensive and synthetic information on aerosol organic composition which can be helpful for modeling purposes and is also particularly useful when aerosol chemical mass closure is pursued.

show abstract

“…Wauters et af. 7 extracted airborne particles first with dichloromethane and then with methanol. The methanol-soluble (polar) material was methylated and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using both electron impact and cJ1emical ionization modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polar organic matter in airborne particles: chemical characterization and mutagenic activity

Gundel¹,

Dalsey²,

Carvalho³

et al. 1993

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polar organic fraction of air particulate matter

Cited by 34 publications

References 6 publications

Water-soluble organics in atmospheric particles: A critical review of the literature and application of thermodynamics to identify candidate compounds

Water-soluble organics in atmospheric particles: A critical review of the literature and application of thermodynamics to identify candidate compounds

Characterization of water‐soluble organic compounds in atmospheric aerosol: A new approach

Polar organic matter in airborne particles: chemical characterization and mutagenic activity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About