Polaris-H measurements and performance

Wahl, Christopher G.; Kaye, Willy; Wang, Weiyi; Zhang, Feng; Jaworski, Jason M.; Boucher, Yvan A.; King, Alexis; He, Zhong

doi:10.1109/nssmic.2014.7431109

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The reactor's thermal output, either in terms of its injection of hot water into a reservoir, or its emission of warm air from its cooling towers, can reveal the on/off state of the reactor, and can be correlated to the reactor's operating power (Garrett et al, 2010;Lee and Garrett, 2015). At shorter ranges (e.g., hundreds of meters), sky shine (gammas scattering in the air above a reactor containment building) can also reveal the on/off state of the reactor (Wahl et al, 2014).…”

Section: A Existing Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloquium : Neutrino detectors as tools for nuclear security

et al. 2020

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For over 40 years, physicists have considered possible uses for neutrino detectors in nuclear nonproliferation, arms control, and fissile materials security. Neutrinos are an attractive fission signature because they readily pass through matter. The same property makes neutrinos challenging to detect in systems that would be practical for nuclear security applications. This colloquium presents a broad overview of several potential neutrino applications, including the near-field monitoring of known reactors, far-field monitoring of known or discovery of undeclared reactors, detection of reactor waste streams, and detection of nuclear explosions. We conclude that recent detector advances have made near-field monitoring feasible. Farther-field reactor detection and waste stream detection monitoring are possible in some cases with further research and development. Very long-range reactor monitoring and nuclear explosion detection do not appear feasible for the foreseeable future due to considerable physical and/or practical constraints.

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Section: A Existing Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloquium : Neutrino detectors as tools for nuclear security

et al. 2020

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“…Some of these released RIs, and their emissions and half-lives are listed in Table 1 [ 19 ]. Accordingly, to date, various types of light and portable Compton cameras with increased sensitivities have been developed to identify such radiation hotspots for decontamination [ 9 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Applications of Compton Camera—A Review

Parajuli

Sakai

Parajuli³

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The history of Compton cameras began with the detection of radiation sources originally for applications in astronomy. A Compton camera is a promising γ-ray detector that operates in the wide energy range of a few tens of keV to MeV. The γ-ray detection method of a Compton camera is based on Compton scattering kinematics, which is used to determine the direction and energy of the γ-rays without using a mechanical collimator. Although the Compton camera was originally designed for astrophysical applications, it was later applied in medical imaging as well. Moreover, its application in environmental radiation measurements is also under study. Although a few review papers regarding Compton cameras have been published, they either focus very specifically on the detectors used in such cameras or the particular applications of Compton cameras. Thus, the aim of this paper is to review the features and types of Compton cameras and introduce their applications, associated imaging algorithms, improvement scopes, and their future aspects.

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“…In comparison to custom detector solutions, the Polaris system possesses a high level of technical maturity, and offers a 2D imaging capability [9]. The addition of the LAMP contextual sensor and scene data fusion package offers a means of using the detailed interaction data from Polaris to create detailed 3D models of the radiation environment around the detector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polaris-LAMP: Multi-Modal 3-D Image Reconstruction With a Commercial Gamma-Ray Imager

Hecla

Knecht

Gunter³

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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The Polaris-LAMP multi-modal 3D gamma-ray imager is a radiation mapping and imaging platform which uses a commercial-off-the-shelf detector integrated with a contextual sensor localization and mapping platform. The integration of these systems enables a free-moving radiation imaging capability with proximity mapping, coded aperture, and Compton imaging modalities, which can create 3D reconstruction of photon sources from tens of keV to several MeV. Gamma-ray events are recorded using a segmented cadmium zinc telluride detector (Polaris-H Quad by H3D inc.), while scene data is derived from a contextual sensor and computation package developed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory which includes GPS, laser ranging and inertial measurement sensors. An onboard computer uses these inputs to create rapidly-updating pose (10 Hz) and 3D scene estimates using a simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm. The precise gamma-ray event location and timing resolution of the Polaris CZT sensor enables Compton imaging above several hundred keV, while photon sources at lower images are localized using coded aperture imaging techniques. The multi-modal imaging concept enables imaging of diverse radiation sources spanning from the 59 keV emission of 241 Am to the 1.1 and 1.3 MeV lines of 60 Co. This work focuses on the description of the the operational principles of the detector system and demonstrating the 3D imaging performance in a variety of source detection and mapping scenarios. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate mapping complex environments, including both point source and distributed-source environments using proximity, coded aperture, and Compton imaging modalities. Further, we show the successful use of the system to perform measurements in high-background environments through analysis of arrays of uranium hexafluoride cylinders at the Paducah UF6 project site.

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Polaris-H measurements and performance

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Colloquium : Neutrino detectors as tools for nuclear security

Colloquium : Neutrino detectors as tools for nuclear security

Development and Applications of Compton Camera—A Review

Polaris-LAMP: Multi-Modal 3-D Image Reconstruction With a Commercial Gamma-Ray Imager

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