1991
DOI: 10.2307/1963170
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Polarity, the Offense-Defense Balance, and War

Abstract: Bipolar systems are inherently more stable than multipolar configurations of power, Kenneth Waltz argues. His empirical justification for this conclusion relies on the multipolar systems that preceded the two world wars and the bipolar Cold War. The weakness of Waltz's argument is the small number of cases and the failure to consider alternative explanations for different levels of war in the three periods. In another historical period of both multi- and bipolarity—Europe from 1495 to 1559—I have found that po… Show more

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Cited by 108 publications
(23 citation statements)
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“…One approach views polarity as the extent of inequality in the distribution of capabilities in the system (e.g. Ray & Singer, 1973;Hopf, 1991). Other approaches focus on the alliance configuration of major powers.…”
Section: An Index Of Network Polarizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One approach views polarity as the extent of inequality in the distribution of capabilities in the system (e.g. Ray & Singer, 1973;Hopf, 1991). Other approaches focus on the alliance configuration of major powers.…”
Section: An Index Of Network Polarizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thucydides'in Peloponnesian Savaşları tarihi iki süpergücün güçlerinin birbirine yaklaştığında otuz yıllık savaşın nasıl AİD / JAI Cilt/Volume: 10 Sayı/Issue: 1 Nisan/April: 2015 çıktığını göstermesiyle bilinir. Tarihteki önemli çift kutupluluk örnek-lerinden biri olarak Osmanlı ile Habsburglar arasındaki mücadelede de verilebilir (Hopf, 1991). Avrupa tarihinin belki de en istikrarlı dö-nemlerinden biri olarak görülebilecek on dokuzuncu yüzyılın İngiliz hegemonyası biçiminde tanımlanması da bir tesadüf olamaz.…”
Section: Ai̇d / Jaiunclassified
“…7. One major exception is Hopf (1991), who sets out to examine the relative explanatory power of the offense-defense balance and polarity. He finds that ODT is a stronger predictor of war than polarity.…”
Section: Journal Of Conflict Resolutionmentioning
confidence: 99%