Policing labor trafficking in the United States

Institutional Response to Trafficking in Human Beings in Spain: Are All Victims Equally Protected?

“…The present research points also to the fact that those bodies more focused on providing assistance in cases of THB, with more training and that are more specialised in the matter, are more effective in detecting victims. This supports the findings of previous studies showing training to be a decisive factor for successful identification (Farrell, 2014;Farrell & Pfeffer, 2014;Farrell et al, 2020;Kaye et al, 2014;Renzetti et al, 2015;Warria et al, 2015;Williamson et al, 2020), indicating that more professional training in THB addressing the various manifestations of this reality is needed. However, additionally, in the case of Spain, these results should lead to a rethinking of the exclusive attribution of the power to formally identify and register THB victims to certain police units, which impose immigration regulations and the 2011 Framework Protocol for the Protection of Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings, as the scholarly literature has been calling for (Jiménez & Tarancón, 2018;Meneses et al, 2015;.…”

“…Specifically, those that had received training on aspects such as victim assistance and protection and victim identification were more effective [(χ2 (16, N = 150) = 60.53, ρ = 0.000, Φ Cramer = 0.449]. This confirms what previous empirical research has shown, insofar as professionals' ability to detect THB victims increases when their level of specialisation and training are increased (Farrell, 2014;Farrell & Pfeffer, 2014;Farrell et al, 2020;Kaye et al, 2014;Renzetti et al, 2015;Warria et al, 2015;Williamson et al, 2020).…”

Screening for: Best Practice Guidelines and Recommendations for Health Care Providers

“…It is imperative that health care providers accurately document patients' injuries and treatment and clearly distinguish between sexual exploitation or forced labor when reporting to law enforcement officers [41]. Studies have shown that police efforts mainly focus on sex trafficking cases instead of labor trafficking [42] Introduction section). In 2017, only 225 labor trafficking offenses were reported by police to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program, representing only 18 percent of the total reported human trafficking offenses reported [42], Introduction section).…”

“…Studies have shown that police efforts mainly focus on sex trafficking cases instead of labor trafficking [42] Introduction section). In 2017, only 225 labor trafficking offenses were reported by police to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program, representing only 18 percent of the total reported human trafficking offenses reported [42], Introduction section). Law enforcement often has difficulty distinguishing labor trafficking victims from legitimate workers because they work in intermingled conditions [42], Challenge 1 section).…”

“…In 2017, only 225 labor trafficking offenses were reported by police to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program, representing only 18 percent of the total reported human trafficking offenses reported [42], Introduction section). Law enforcement often has difficulty distinguishing labor trafficking victims from legitimate workers because they work in intermingled conditions [42], Challenge 1 section). Without evidence that the forced labor victims suffered physical abuse, "law enforcement officers are skeptical that prosecutors will accept domestic servitude cases" [42], Challenge 3 section).…”