Poliovirus Infection and Postpolio Syndrome

Keohane, Catherine; Chimelli, Leila; Ryan, Aisling

doi:10.1002/9781119467748.ch21

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…In few infection cases (∼1%), the virus invades the CNS and can cause poliomyelitis resulting in paralysis. Poliomyelitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord and muscle paralysis unleashed by PV replication in motor neurons (Racaniello, 2006;Kew and Pallansch, 2018;Keohane et al, 2020). Polioencephalitis can also occur and is characterized by the inflammation of the gray matter of the brain (Keohane et al, 2020).…”

Section: Poliovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond HIV infection: Neglected and varied impacts of CCR5 and CCR5Δ32 on viral diseases

et al. 2020

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The interactions between chemokine receptors and their ligands may affect susceptibility to infectious diseases as well as their clinical manifestations. These interactions mediate both the traffic of inflammatory cells and virus-associated immune responses. In the context of viral infections, the human CC chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) receives great attention from the scientific community due to its role as an HIV-1 co-receptor. The genetic variant CCR5Δ32 (32 base-pair deletion in CCR5 gene) impairs CCR5 expression on the cell surface and is associated with protection against HIV infection in homozygous individuals. Also, the genetic variant CCR5Δ32 modifies the CCR5-mediated inflammatory responses in various conditions, such as inflammatory and infectious diseases. CCR5 antagonists mimic, at least in part, the natural effects of the CCR5Δ32 in humans, which explains the growing interest in the potential benefits of using CCR5 modulators for the treatment of different diseases. Nevertheless, beyond HIV infection, understanding the effects of the CCR5Δ32 variant in multiple viral infections is essential to shed light on the potential effects of the CCR5 modulators from a broader perspective. In this context, this review discusses the involvement of CCR5 and the effects of the CCR5Δ32 in human infections caused by the following pathogens: West Nile virus, Influenza virus, Human papillomavirus, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Poliovirus, Dengue virus, Human cytomegalovirus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Enterovirus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and Hantavirus. Subsequently, this review addresses the impacts of CCR5 gene editing and CCR5 modulation on health and viral diseases. Also, this article connects recent findings regarding extracellular vesicles (e.g., exosomes), viruses, and CCR5. Neglected and emerging topics in "CCR5 research" are briefly described, with focus on Rocio virus, Zika virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and Rhinovirus. Finally, the potential influence of CCR5 on the immune responses to coronaviruses is discussed.

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Section: Poliovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond HIV infection: Neglected and varied impacts of CCR5 and CCR5Δ32 on viral diseases

et al. 2020

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Surveillance of Wastewater Bodies from Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan for Poliovirus

Hussain,

Bostan,

Hussain

et al. 2023

BioSci Rev.

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Poliomyelitis is a viral disease caused by the poliovirus (PV), globally. This virus is responsible for Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) in children in Pakistan. Due to this virus, thousands of children are paralyzed. This virus is transmitted through wastewater in a congested population. The target group of polioviruses comprises the children with no vaccination history. Different factors are involved which create hurdles in the process of vaccination. Some of them are false beliefs, as well as the lack of security for the vaccination team in different areas of Pakistan, especially in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) region. KPK is one of the few remaining regions in the world with a high rate of PV outbreaks. In KPK, District Bannu is among the districts with the highest number of cases of PV.

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Poliovirus Infection and Postpolio Syndrome

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

Beyond HIV infection: Neglected and varied impacts of CCR5 and CCR5Δ32 on viral diseases

Beyond HIV infection: Neglected and varied impacts of CCR5 and CCR5Δ32 on viral diseases

Surveillance of Wastewater Bodies from Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan for Poliovirus

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