Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

Anam, Sidra; Rahman, Sajjad Ur; Ali, Shahbaz; Saeed, Mohammed Ibrahim; Goyal, Sagar M.

doi:10.24425/pjvs.2021.137664

2021

DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2021.137664

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Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

Sidra Anam

Sajjad Ur Rahman

Shahbaz Ali

et al.

Abstract: Viral diseases have caused devastating effect on poultry industry leading to significant losses in economy of world. In the presented study, the ability of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and avian influenza virus (AIV) to grow in two cell lines was evaluated. Both chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) and DF-1 cells were used and cytopathic effects (CPE) produced by these viruses were observed. The titer of virus in terms of TCID 50 was determined after 24h up to four days for … Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Isolation and characterization of a novel parvovirus from a red-crowned crane, China, 2021

Liu,

Huang,

et al. 2023

BMC Vet Res

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Background Parvoviruses are icosahedral, nonenveloped viruses with single-stranded DNA genomes of approximately 5 kb in length. In recent years, parvoviruses have frequently mutated and expanded their host range to cause disease in many wild animals by altering their tissue tropism. Animal infection mainly results in acute enteritis and inflammation of other organs. In this study, we used a viral metagenomic method to detect a novel parvovirus species in a red-crowned crane that died due to severe diarrhea in China. Results The presence of the viral genome in the kidney, lung, heart, liver, and intestine were confirmed by PCR. Histopathological examination of the intestine showed a large number of infiltrated inflammatory cells. The JL21/10 strain of the red-crowned crane parvovirus was first isolated from the intestine. Whole-genome sequence analysis showed that JL21/10 shared high identity with the red-crowned crane Parvovirinae strains yc-8 at the nucleotide level (96.61%). Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome and NS1 gene revealed that the JL21/10 strain clustered with strains in chicken and revealed a close genetic relationship with the red-crowned crane parvovirus strains.The complete of VP2 gene analysis showed that JL21/10 shared identity with the red-crowned crane yc-8 strains (97.7%), chicken (55.4%),ducks(31.0%) and geese(30.1%) at the amino acid level. The result showed that red-crowned crane parvovirus may be cross-species transmission to chicken. However, There is little possibility of transmission to ducks and geese. Conclusion This is the first isolation and identification of a parvovirus in red-crowned crane that was associated with severe diarrhea.

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Isolation and characterization of a novel parvovirus from a red-crowned crane, China, 2021

Liu,

Huang,

et al. 2023

BMC Vet Res

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High-Throughput Determination of Infectious Virus Titers by Kinetic Measurement of Infection-Induced Changes in Cell Morphology

Hotter,

Kunzelmann,

Kiefer

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Infectivity assays are the key analytical technology for the development and manufacturing of virus-based therapeutics. Here, we introduce a novel assay format that utilizes label-free bright-field images to determine the kinetics of infection-dependent changes in cell morphology. In particular, cell rounding is directly proportional to the amount of infectious virus applied, enabling rapid determination of viral titers in relation to a standard curve. Our kinetic infectious virus titer (KIT) assay is stability-indicating and, due to its sensitive readout method, provides results within 24 h post-infection. Compared to traditional infectivity assays, which depend on a single readout of an infection endpoint, cumulated analysis of kinetic data by a fit model results in precise results (CV < 20%) based on only three wells per sample. This approach allows for a high throughput with ~400 samples processed by a single operator per week. We demonstrate the applicability of the KIT assay for the genetically engineered oncolytic VSV-GP, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and parapoxvirus ovis (ORFV), but it can potentially be extended to a wide range of viruses that induce morphological changes upon infection. The versatility of this assay, combined with its independence from specific instruments or software, makes it a promising solution to overcome the analytical bottleneck in infectivity assays within the pharmaceutical industry and as a routine method in academic research.

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Diagnosing Infectious Diseases in Poultry Requires a Holistic Approach: A Review

Liebhart

Bilić

Grafl

et al. 2023

Poultry

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Controlling infectious diseases is vital for poultry health and diagnostic methods are an indispensable feature to resolve disease etiologies and the impact of infectious agents on the host. Although the basic principles of disease diagnostics have not changed, the spectrum of poultry diseases constantly expanded, with the identification of new pathogens and improved knowledge on epidemiology and disease pathogenesis. In parallel, new technologies have been devised to identify and characterize infectious agents, but classical methods remain crucial, especially the isolation of pathogens and their further characterization in functional assays and studies. This review aims to highlight certain aspects of diagnosing infectious poultry pathogens, from the farm via the diagnostic laboratory and back, in order to close the circle. By this, the current knowledge will be summarized and future developments will be discussed in the context of applied state-of-the-art techniques. Overall, a common challenge is the increasing demand for infrastructure, skills and expertise. Divided into separate chapters, reflecting different disciplines, daily work implies the need to closely link technologies and human expertise in order to improve bird health, the production economy and to implement future intervention strategies for disease prevention.

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Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Isolation and characterization of a novel parvovirus from a red-crowned crane, China, 2021

Isolation and characterization of a novel parvovirus from a red-crowned crane, China, 2021

High-Throughput Determination of Infectious Virus Titers by Kinetic Measurement of Infection-Induced Changes in Cell Morphology

Diagnosing Infectious Diseases in Poultry Requires a Holistic Approach: A Review

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