“…Our paper joins a rapidly growing literature that examines corporate political activities and ideology (Feldman, Kang, Li and Saxena, 2021;Gupta, Briscoe and Hambrick, 2017;Gupta, Fung and Murphy, 2021;Halford & Li, 2019;Hutton, Danling and Kumar, 2015;Kim, Ryou and Yang, 2020;Park, Boeker and Gomulya, 2020;Wong & Hooy, 2018). Prior studies have examined political ideology of firms (Gupta et al, 2017;Hutton et al, 2015), boards (Goldman, Rocholl and So, 2013;Park et al, 2020;Sun, Hu and Hillman, 2016), and CEOs (Hadani & Schuler, 2013;Han, 2019;Babenko et al, 2020;Gupta et al, 2021), as well as the impacts of political connections and activities on firm performance.…”