Politics and Culture in Jewish Studies in Nineteenth-Century France

Abstract

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Neutrino signatures of the supernova: Gamma ray burst relationship

“…Ice Cherenkov detectors such as AMANDA [25], IceCube [7], RICE [8] and ANITA [9]; water Cherenkov detector such as ANTARES [10]; and extended air shower detector such as AUGER [11] are poised to detect cosmic neutrinos in different energy ranges. Several authors have recently calculated expected neutrino events, based on generic flux models, from individual GRBs [26]. Here we calculate the number of neutrino events that one can expect from GRB 030329 and the associated SN 2003dh, based on flux models described in Sec.…”

Very High Energy Observations of Gamma‐Ray Burst Locations with the Whipple Telescope

“…These flares have been detected between 10 2 s and 10 5 s after the initial prompt emission and have been found to have fluences ranging from a small fraction of, up to a value comparable to, that contained in the prompt GRB emission. This X-ray flare emission has been postulated to arise from a number of different scenarios, including late central engine activity where the GRB progenitor remains active for some time after, or re-activates after, the initial explosion (Kumar & Piran 2000;Zhang et al 2006;Nousek et al 2006;Perna et al 2005;Proga & Zhang 2006;King et al 2005) and refreshed shocks which occur when slower moving shells ejected by the central engine in the prompt phase catch up with the afterglow shock at late times Sari & Mészáros 2000;Granot, Nakar & Piran 2003;Guetta et al 2006). For short GRBs, shock heating of a binary stellar companion has also been proposed (MacFadyen, Ramirez-Ruiz & Zhang 2005).…”