Pollinator‐mediated selection on floral display, spur length and flowering phenology in the deceptive orchid <i>Dactylorhiza lapponica</i>

Sletvold, Nina; Grindeland, John Magne; Ågren, Jon

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03296.x

Cited by 139 publications

(164 citation statements)

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“…A variety of morphological traits, including the flower number, corolla size, and plant height, are related to the floral display (Chapurlat et al., 2015; Sletvold et al., 2010). We found significantly positive selection gradients for the corolla width and flower number of P. tibetica as well as marginally significant selection pressure on the stalk height (Table 3 and Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various flower traits are demonstrated to be selected for by pollen limitation, including flower size (Sletvold et al., 2010), flower number (Parachnowitsch & Kessler, 2010), flower color (Sletvold, Trunschke, Smit, Verbeek, & Ågren, 2016), inflorescence height (Ågren, Hellström, Toräng, & Ehrlén, 2013), spur length (Chapurlat et al., 2015; Sletvold & Ågren, 2010), and flower tube length (Alexandersson & Johnson, 2001). Severe pollen limitation selects for traits that increase the floral display (Ashman & Morgan, 2004) but also selects for traits that promote autonomous self‐fertilization (Morgan & Wilson, 2005; Porcher & Lande, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self‐ and intra‐morph incompatibility and selection analysis of an inconspicuous distylous herb growing on the Tibetan plateau (Primula tibetica)

Jiao

Liu

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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There is discussion over whether pollen limitation exerts selection on floral traits to increase floral display or selects for traits that promote autonomous self‐fertilization. Some studies have indicated that pollen limitation does not mediate selection on traits associated with either pollinator attraction or self‐fertilization. Primula tibetica is an inconspicuous cross‐fertilized plant that may suffer from pollen limitation. We conducted a selection analysis on P. tibetica to investigate whether pollen limitation results in selection for an increased floral display in case the evolution of autonomous self‐fertilization has been difficult for this plant. The self‐ and intra‐morph incompatibility features, the capacity for autonomous self‐fertilization, and the magnitude of pollen limitation were examined through hand‐pollination experiments. In 2016, we applied selection analysis on the flowering time, corolla width, stalk height, flower tube length, and flower number in P. tibetica by tagging 76 open‐pollinated plants and 37 hand‐pollinated plants in the field. Our results demonstrated that P. tibetica was strictly self‐ and intra‐morph incompatible. Moreover, the study population underwent severe pollen limitation during the 2016 flowering season. The selection gradients were found to be significantly positive for flowering time, flower number, and corolla width, and marginally significant for the stalk height. Pollinator‐mediated selection was found to be significant on the flower number and corolla width, and marginally significant on stalk height. Our results indicate that the increased floral display may be a vital strategy for small distylous species that have faced difficulty in evolving autonomous self‐fertilization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐ and intra‐morph incompatibility and selection analysis of an inconspicuous distylous herb growing on the Tibetan plateau (Primula tibetica)

Jiao

Liu

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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“…This suggests that flower advertisement size helps pollinators to detect both food sources and mating meeting points, either in the morning or in the evening. Numerous studies have shown that larger corolla size results in an increase in pollinator's visitations, and consequentially increased plant fitness (e.g., Campbell, Waser, Price, Lynch, & Mitchell, 1991; Conner & Rush, 1996; Eckhart, 1991; Fenster, Cheely, Dudash, & Reynolds, 2006; Sletvold et al., 2010; Young & Stanton, 1990). Most pollinator‐mediated selection studies assumed that (or tested whether) flower size is associated with the food reward in it; here, however, while food reward was not measured, we show that floral size in L. pubescens is also associated with signaling for a mating place, which can be considered as an alternative reward.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This wide floral variation is considered to be the result of their interactions with pollinators (Darwin, 1862; Fægri & van der Pijl, 1979). Flowers signal to pollinators by a variety of cues and the extent of fertilization success associated with the variance of a trait creates selection on this trait (Aigner, 2006; Harder & Johnson, 2009; Schiestl & Johnson, 2013; Sletvold, Grindeland, & Ågren, 2010). Much attention was given in the last decades to the quantification of the extent of selection exerted by pollinators on various floral traits, including flower size, color, and scent (Harder & Johnson, 2009; Schiestl & Johnson, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollinator‐mediated selection on floral size and tube color inLinum pubescens: Can differential behavior and preference in different times of the day maintain dimorphism?

Lebel

Obolski

Hadany

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Diversity of flower traits is often proposed as the outcome of selection exerted by pollinators. Positive directional pollinator‐mediated selection on floral size has been widely shown to reduce phenotypic variance. However, the underlying mechanism of maintaining within‐population floral color polymorphism is poorly understood. Divergent selection, mediated by different pollinators or by both mutualists and antagonists, may create and maintain such polymorphism, but it has rarely been shown to result from differential behavior of one pollinator. We tested whether different behaviors of the same pollinators in morning and evening are associated with dimorphic floral trait in Linum pubescens, a Mediterranean annual plant that exhibits variable within‐population frequencies of dark‐ and light‐colored flower tubes. Usia bicolor bee‐flies, the major pollinators of L. pubescens, are mostly feeding in the flower in the morning, while in the evening they are mostly visiting the flowers for mating. In 2 years of studying L. pubescens in a single large population in the Carmel, Israel, we found in one year that dark‐centered flowers received significantly higher fraction of visits in the morning. Fitness was positively affected by number of visits, but no fitness differences were found between tube‐color morphs, suggesting that both morphs have similar pollination success. Using mediation analysis, we found that flower size was under positive directional pollinator‐mediated selection in both years, but pollinator behavior did not explain entirely this selection, which was possibly mediated also by other agents, such as florivores or a‐biotic stresses. While most pollinator‐mediated selection studies show that flower size signals food reward, in L. pubescens, it may also signal for mating place, which may drive positive selection. While flower size found to be under pollinator‐mediated selection in L. pubescens, differential behavior of the pollinators in morning and evening did not seem to explain flower color polymorphism.

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“…In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular basis of adaptation to specific microenvironments in Dactylorhiza fuchsii and D. incarnata , two terrestrial, food‐deceptive orchid species (Sletvold, Grindeland, & Ågren, 2010) that provide a suitable model to trace effects of natural selection. The two orchid species broadly share geographical distribution (northern and central Europe and Western Asia, Tutin et al., 1980) and often grow in proximity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive sequence evolution is driven by biotic stress in a pair of orchid species (Dactylorhiza) with distinct ecological optima

et al. 2017

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The orchid family is the largest in the angiosperms, but little is known about the molecular basis of the significant variation they exhibit. We investigate here the transcriptomic divergence between two European terrestrial orchids, Dactylorhiza incarnata and Dactylorhiza fuchsii, and integrate these results in the context of their distinct ecologies that we also document. Clear signals of lineage‐specific adaptive evolution of protein‐coding sequences are identified, notably targeting elements of biotic defence, including both physical and chemical adaptations in the context of divergent pools of pathogens and herbivores. In turn, a substantial regulatory divergence between the two species appears linked to adaptation/acclimation to abiotic conditions. Several of the pathways affected by differential expression are also targeted by deviating post‐transcriptional regulation via sRNAs. Finally, D. incarnata appears to suffer from insufficient sRNA control over the activity of RNA‐dependent DNA polymerase, resulting in increased activity of class I transposable elements and, over time, in larger genome size than that of D. fuchsii. The extensive molecular divergence between the two species suggests significant genomic and transcriptomic shock in their hybrids and offers insights into the difficulty of coexistence at the homoploid level. Altogether, biological response to selection, accumulated during the history of these orchids, appears governed by their microenvironmental context, in which biotic and abiotic pressures act synergistically to shape transcriptome structure, expression and regulation.

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Pollinator‐mediated selection on floral display, spur length and flowering phenology in the deceptive orchid Dactylorhiza lapponica

Cited by 139 publications

References 58 publications

Self‐ and intra‐morph incompatibility and selection analysis of an inconspicuous distylous herb growing on the Tibetan plateau (Primula tibetica)

Self‐ and intra‐morph incompatibility and selection analysis of an inconspicuous distylous herb growing on the Tibetan plateau (Primula tibetica)

Pollinator‐mediated selection on floral size and tube color inLinum pubescens: Can differential behavior and preference in different times of the day maintain dimorphism?

Adaptive sequence evolution is driven by biotic stress in a pair of orchid species (Dactylorhiza) with distinct ecological optima

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