Pollution characteristics of metal pollutants in PM2.5 and comparison of risk on human health in heating and non-heating seasons in Baoding, China

Liang, Bolong; Li, Xiliang; Ma, Ke; Liang, Shan

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.075

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This is mainly attributable to the higher proportion of Cl in PM 2.5 mass in winter (3.2%) than those in other seasons (0.36%-1.4%) (Table S4), and the relatively high RfC value of Cl (Table S8). Similar results were reported in a health risk assessment study in Baoding, China, from January to December 2015 (Liang et al, 2019). Cancer risks and HQ for children, male adults, and female adults were all higher in the heating period (November 15-March 15) than those in the non-heating period (March 16-November 14).…”

Section: Seasonal Pm25 Mass Concentrations and Contributions To Cansupporting

confidence: 85%

Health Risk Assessment of PM2.5-bound Components in Beijing, China during 2013–2015

Zhang

Chen

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Risk assessment methods of the US Environment Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) were employed to estimate lifetime cancer risk in Beijing using the following fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) components: six elements and 16 U.S. EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and lifetime non-cancer hazard quotients (HQ) using 11 elements, based on data collected in Beijing during 2013-2015. The three-year average PM 2.5 mass concentration was 82 µg m-3. Both lifetime cancer risk (1.9E-4) from exposure to ambient PM 2.5-bound elements and PAHs and non-cancer HQ (18) from exposure to ambient PM 2.5-bound elements in Beijing were much higher than the corresponding U.S. EPA acceptable levels. Cancer risks by source were, in descending order, road dust (7.3E-5), fossil fuel combustion (4.4E-5), vehicle exhaust (3.8E-5), soil dust (8.4E-6), metal processing (8.2E-6), secondary sulphur (8.0E-6), and biomass burning (6.4E-6). Cancer risks by PM 2.5 component were, in descending order, As (1.1E-4), Cr(VI) (3.4E-5), total PAHs (1.5E-5), Pb (1.1E-5), Co (8.4E-6), Ni (3.9E-6), and Cd (3.9E-6). HQ by PM 2.5-bound elements were, in descending order, Cl (14), As (1.8), Pb (0.94), P (0.81), Cd (0.22), Mn (0.22), Ni (0.18), Ba (0.1), Cr(VI) (0.03), Co (0.01), and Se (0.002). Fossil fuel combustion and vehicle exhaust were the top two sources, accounting for 77% of total HQ. HQ by target organ were, in descending order, respiratory (15), reproductive (1.8), nervous (1.2), renal (0.22), fetus (0.1), and alimentary system (0.002). The seasonal variations in PM 2.5 mass concentrations, risks, as well as source and element contributions were largely due to increased coal combustion in winter.

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Section: Seasonal Pm25 Mass Concentrations and Contributions To Cansupporting

confidence: 85%

Health Risk Assessment of PM2.5-bound Components in Beijing, China during 2013–2015

Zhang

Chen

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…The health risks posed by toxic elements in ambient PM 2.5 can increase remarkably during haze episodes compared to the risks on non-haze days ( Li et al, 2017 ; Liang et al, 2019 ; Singh and Gupta, 2016 ). Previous research has shown that the non-cancer risks of toxic elements are higher for children than adults during haze episodes, while cancer risks are in the opposite case ( Cao et al, 2018 ; Lyu et al, 2017 ; Sulong et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Potential health risks of inhaled toxic elements and risk sources during different COVID-19 lockdown stages in Linfen, China

Wang

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Environmental Pollution

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Levels of toxic elements in ambient PM 2.5 were measured from 29 October 2019 to 30 March 2020 in Linfen, China, to assess the health risks they posed and to identify critical risk sources during different periods of the COVID-19 lockdown and haze episodes using positive matrix factorization (PMF) and a health-risk assessment model. The mean PM 2.5 concentration during the study period was 145 μg/m 3 , and the 10 investigated toxic elements accounted for 0.31% of the PM 2.5 mass. The total non-cancer risk (HI) and total cancer risk (TCR) of the selected toxic elements exceed the US EPA limits for children and adults. The HI for children was 2.3 times that for adults for all periods, which is likely due to the high inhalation rate per unit body weight for children. While the TCR for adults was 1.7 times that of children, which is mainly attributed to potential longer exposure duration for adults. The HI and TCR of the toxic elements during full lockdown were reduced by 66% and 58%, respectively, compared to their pre-lockdown levels. The HI and TCR were primarily attributable to Mn and As, respectively. Health risks during haze episodes were significantly higher than the average levels during COVID-19 lockdowns, though the HI and TCR of the selected toxic elements during full-lockdown haze episodes were 68% and 17% lower, respectively, than were the levels during pre-lockdown haze episodes. During the study period, fugitive dust and steel-related smelting were the highest contributors to HI and TCR, respectively, and decreased in these emission sources contributed the most to the lower health risks observed during the full lockdown. There, the control of these sources is critical to effectively reduce public health risks.

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“…Głównym powodem smogu jest immisja pyłów PM10 i PM2,5 ze źródeł takich jak indywidualne systemy grzewcze, transport drogowy oraz przemysł. Wielu naukowców przeprowadziło badania dotyczące przyczyn zanieczyszczenia, na przykład systemów grzewczych 121 , emisji gazów cieplarnianych, pojazdów silnikowych 122 , transportu miejskiego 123 i transportu w ogóle 124 , a także przemysłu 125 . Istnieją dokumenty dotyczące prawnych, finansowych i technologicznych warunków do przezwyciężenia skażenia powietrza.…”

Section: Wyzwania Dla Miast I Wybranych Sektorówunclassified

Gospodarka niskoemisyjna – gospodarka cyrkularna – zielona gospodarka. Uwarunkowania i wzajemne powiązania

Michalak¹,

Rosiek²,

Szyja³

2020

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Negatywnymi konsekwencjami dynamicznie zmieniającego się świata są m.in. postępująca degradacja środowiska naturalnego i zmiany klimatyczne. W dużym stopniu wpływają one na jakość życia człowieka i możliwości gospodarowania. W tym świetle istotnego znaczenia nabierają działania na rzecz ograniczenia negatywnych następstw procesów produkcyjnych, inwestycyjnych i nieograniczonej presji na środowisko naturalne. Są one realizowane dzięki urzeczywistnieniu w praktyce społeczno-gospodarczej koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju poprzez transformację gospodarki w niskoemisyjną, wdrażanie zasad gospodarki cyrkularnej oraz zielonej gospodarki. Publikacja przybliża i wyjaśnia te terminy, precyzując ich wzajemne powiązania i uwarunkowania. Podjęta problematyka jest bardzo istotna dla zrozumienia polityki klimatyczno-energetycznej Unii Europejskiej i podejmowanych przez państwa działań obejmujących nowe sposoby gospodarowania z uwzględnieniem konieczności poszanowania środowiska przyrodniczego (np. poprzez racjonalne i efektywne wykorzystywanie surowców, ograniczenie ilości odpadów oraz ich odpowiednie zagospodarowanie). Książka może okazać się szczególnie wartościowa dla studentów kierunków związanych z zarządzaniem środowiskiem i gospodarowaniem jego zasobami, przyszłych ekonomistów i finansistów, inżynierów i menedżerów firm. Ponadto może być przydatna w odnalezieniu się w gąszczu anglojęzycznych terminów związanych z gospodarowaniem z poszanowaniem środowiska.

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Pollution characteristics of metal pollutants in PM2.5 and comparison of risk on human health in heating and non-heating seasons in Baoding, China

Cited by 47 publications

References 19 publications

Health Risk Assessment of PM2.5-bound Components in Beijing, China during 2013–2015

Health Risk Assessment of PM2.5-bound Components in Beijing, China during 2013–2015

Potential health risks of inhaled toxic elements and risk sources during different COVID-19 lockdown stages in Linfen, China

Gospodarka niskoemisyjna – gospodarka cyrkularna – zielona gospodarka. Uwarunkowania i wzajemne powiązania

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