Pollution tests for polymeric insulators made of hydrophobicity transfer materials

Gutman, I.; Dernfalk, Andreas

doi:10.1109/tdei.2010.5448092

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A decrease in hydrophobicity recovery along with a decrease in temperature was also reported in [28]. Similarly, the conductivity of pollution layer increases with increase in surface temperature [18]. In this section, experiments were carried out at four different temperatures (5, 10, 15 and 20 • C).…”

Section: Influence Of Ambient Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 59%

“…It can be seen from experimental results that ambient temperature has very little effect on surface resistance. A decrease in surface resistance was observed with increase in temperature which might be due to the increased in surface conductivity of pollution layer [18]. This change in surface resistance with ambient temperature may be different at high temperatures, but due to the limitation of climate chamber, higher temperatures could not be tested.…”

Section: Influence Of Ambient Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modified solid layer method based on IEC 60507 was used for polluting the samples. The modified solid layer method [18] involves pre-conditioning of the insulator surface with dry kaolin to suppress the surface hydrophobicity. After pre-conditioning with dry kaolin, all samples are checked by wettability class to see whether the samples are hydrophilic.…”

Section: Sample Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of surface resistance of silicone rubber sheets under polluted and dry band conditions

et al. 2017

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Ageing and degradation of silicone rubber insulators in contaminated environments is a major concern due to their organic nature. Understanding the flashover process of silicone rubber insulators under contamination is very important and needs standardized tests and procedures. Surface resistance measurement can be used as an indication of ageing and contamination severity of outdoor silicone rubber insulators. This paper presents experimental and mathematical results on surface resistance of high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber sheets under various environmental and contaminated conditions. Rectangular silicone rubber sheets were polluted artificially in laboratory using a modified solid layer method based on IEC 60507 and tested in a climate chamber where fog rate, humidity and temperature can be controlled. Influence of non-soluble salt deposit density (NSDD), pollution severity, relative humidity, ambient temperature, dry band location and width, and multiple dry bands on surface resistance have been investigated. The obtained results show that surface resistance decreases with increase in NSDD, pollution severity and relative humidity. Increase in surface resistance was observed with the formation of dry bands. Although surface resistance was effected by all parameters, the most dominant parameter was noted Repeatability of results was confirmed by performing each test five times and concluded that surface resistance measurement can be standardized to evaluate ageing and pollution severity of silicone rubber insulators. These results along with the available literature on equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD) measurement could be used to formulate a relation between ESDD and surface resistance that could be useful for evaluating the performance of silicone rubber insulators in wet and contaminated environments.

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Section: Influence Of Ambient Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Influence Of Ambient Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of surface resistance of silicone rubber sheets under polluted and dry band conditions

et al. 2017

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“…In this study, a modified solid layer method based on IEC 60507 proposed in [45] was used for polluting silicone rubber samples. This method involves pre-conditioning of the insulator surface with dry kaolin to make it hydrophilic.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flashover Characteristics of Silicone Rubber Sheets under Various Environmental Conditions

et al. 2016

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Silicone rubber insulators are replacing the conventional ceramic and porcelain insulators rapidly in power transmission and distribution industry. Very limited field knowledge is available about the performance of silicone rubber insulators in polluted and contaminated environments and therefore need further investigation. A comprehensive analysis of silicone rubber sheets (intended for coating outdoor insulators) was carried out in this paper based on experimental results. The main performance parameters analyzed were arc inception voltage and flashover voltage. Dependence of these parameters on equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD), non-soluble salt deposit density (NSDD), relative humidity, ambient temperature, fog rate, dry band formation, dry band location and number of dry bands were investigated extensively. Insulator orientation and its effect on performance were also studied. The authors believe that this paper will provide a comprehensive knowledge about the flashover characteristics of silicone rubber insulators under humid, contaminated and dry band conditions. These results could be used in the selection and design of silicone rubber insulators for polluted environments.

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“…This imposes a judicious choice of materials to be used in environments with strong thermal and/or climatic constraints [9][10][11][12]. Actually, polymers are subjected to various environmental stresses during their cycle of life as exposition to humidity [13,14], industrial or marine pollution [15][16][17] and ageing under ultraviolet rays [18,19]. The effect of these constraints is enhanced by the presence of electric field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the rise rate of voltage and leakage distance on flashover gradient and partial discharges level for various polymeric materials under AC stress

Douar¹,

Béroual

Souche³

2015

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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This paper presents results of investigations on the influence of the rise rate of voltage and the leakage distance (L f ) on flashover gradient (FOG) and partial discharges (PD) activity on insulators issued of different polymers materials in dry conditions; the aim of this study being the development of new generation of high voltage piercing connectors.The investigated polymers are of three distinct classes among the mostly used in electrical industry: thermoplastics, thermosetting and elastomers. The considered thermoplastics are polyamide 6 (PA6/50), fireproofed polyamide 66 (PA66/50), polycarbonate (PC/40) and polyarylamide (PARA/50); the thermosetting are two cycloaliphatic epoxy resins (EP1 and EP2); and as concerns elastomers, two EPDM materials noted EPDM and EPDM V0 (fireproofed) have been tested. It is observed that generally the increase of the rise rate of voltage increases the flashover gradient while the increase of leakage distance leads to the decrease of flashover gradient. The magnitude and time duration of voltage, chemical structure of polymer and leakage distance influence the magnitude of PDs. Small degradations are observed in the vicinity of high voltage electrode for thermoplastics and EPDM elastomers after the occurrence of flashover (arc) especially for PC/40. The surface of cycloaliphatic epoxy resins (EP1 and EP2) appears to be the most resistant to flashover arcs and PD activity making them suitable to be used in high voltage connectors.

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Pollution tests for polymeric insulators made of hydrophobicity transfer materials

Cited by 37 publications

References 6 publications

Measurement of surface resistance of silicone rubber sheets under polluted and dry band conditions

Measurement of surface resistance of silicone rubber sheets under polluted and dry band conditions

Flashover Characteristics of Silicone Rubber Sheets under Various Environmental Conditions

Influence of the rise rate of voltage and leakage distance on flashover gradient and partial discharges level for various polymeric materials under AC stress

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