Poly(ethylene glycol) based bis-diol as a functional medium for highly efficient conversion of urea and methanol to dimethyl carbonate

Abstract

Poly(ethylene glycol) based bis-diol/ZnO is an excellent catalytic system for the reaction of urea and methanol to produce DMC. The equilibrium yield of DMC in the reaction can be ten times higher than that of the conventional method.

Solid base catalysts derived from Ca–Al–X (X = F−, Cl− and Br−) layered double hydroxides for methanolysis of propylene carbonate

“…Dimethyl carbonate (DMC), as a green organic ne chemical intermediate, is widely used in carbonylation, methylation and methoxylation reactions. 1,2 Several ways are developed for DMC synthesis, such as oxidative carbonylation of methanol, [3][4][5] trans-esterication of methanol with cyclic carbonate, [6][7][8][9] alcoholysis of urea [10][11][12] and direct synthesis from carbon dioxide and methanol. [13][14][15][16] As compared to other routes, DMC synthesis by trans-esterication of propylene carbonate (PC) with methanol under mild conditions is a promising and environmentally benign route, which has earned much attention of researchers.…”

Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from Carbon Dioxide and Methanol at Room Temperature Using Imidazolium Hydrogen Carbonate Ionic Liquid as a Recyclable Catalyst and Dehydrant

“…Although the synthesis of DMC has attracted great interest from both academia and industry, the highly effective and environmentally benign synthesis of DMC is still a big challenge as the current commercial route uses phosgene. Other DMC synthesis methods have also been developed, such as methoxycarbonylation with CO/O 2 /CH 3 OH, alcoholysis of urea, and transesterification of cyclic carbonate with CH 3 OH ,. The direct synthesis of DMC from CO 2 and CH 3 OH is extremely attractive because it is a green technology and consumes nontoxic, nonflammable, easily available, and cheap CO 2 .…”

Extraction of Biolubricant via Chemical Recycling of Thermosetting Polymers

“…This obtained oil is dicarboxylic acid ester DEHS, which can be used as a biolubricant. Another recycled oligomer of bis-diol can be used as a nontoxic functional medium for organic synthesis and polyurethane fabrication. , The excellent lubricity properties of the DEHS lubricant have been extensively studied in literature. ,, The pour point and flash point values are −58 and 211 °C, respectively. The oxidation onset temperature is 179 °C.…”