Poly(Glycidyl Methacrylate-<i>co</i>-Octadecyl Methacrylate) particles by dispersion radical copolymerization

Goswami, Prodip K.; Kashyap, Monsum; Das, Pranjal Pratim; Saikia, Prakash J.; Handique, Jyotirekha G.

doi:10.1080/01932691.2019.1635026

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The existence of a hollow in the copolymer could provide some space for absorption. This conformation substantiates previous findings in the literature (Goswami et al 2019;Rodbari et al 2016;Zhao et al 2018). Further evidence of surface morphology should be confirmed using FESEM.…”

Section: Sem Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

“…4. A sharp diffraction peak appeared at 2θ = 21.5 o , which corresponds to 4.14 Å spacing that is harmonic with the typical diffraction peak of the copolymer in the crystalline form, and similar results were obtained by Goswami et al (2019), Huda et al (2017) and Rodbari et al (2016). This value corresponds to the van der Walls contract of non-bonded atoms in several long-chain acrylates and methacrylates comb-like polymers.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Xrdsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The PPD is also known either as wax crystal modifier or flow improver, which are compounds of polymeric that have formed by a series of hydrocarbons that supply the interaction between the wax inhibitor PPD and wax paraffin and act to change the morphology of crystal. Due to the significant role of PPDs in oil production and transportation, several PPDs were synthesized and evaluated on waxy crude oil, such as copolymer of ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA) (Machado et al 2001;Tu et al 2017), poly of octadecyl acrylate (POA) polymer (Handayani et al 2019;Yang et al 2018;Yang et al 2015a, b;Zhu et al 2004), poly of alkyl acrylate (Feng et al 2014;Litvinets et al 2016), poly of dodecyl methacrylate-co-vinyl acetate (Ghosh et al 2017), poly of glycidyl methacrylateco-octadecyl methacrylate (Goswami et al 2019), poly of methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride (Xu et al 2018) poly of methylsilsesquioxane (PMSQ) microsphere (Yang et al 2017), poly of maleic anhydride -co-alkyl linoleate (Soliman et al 2018), terpolymer of alkyl acrylate-co-vinyl acetate-co-maleic anhydride (Feng et al 2014) poly of stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate (SABA) copolymer (Elarbe et al 2021), poly of fatty esters-co-succinic anhydride (Deka et al 2020), poly of ethylene-co-butene with nano-aluminum oxide blend (Odutola and Idemili 2020) poly of benzyl methacrylate-co-methacrylate (Xie et al 2019) and terpolymer of benhely acrylate-co-stearyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride (Elganidi et al 2020). These studies have a strong influence on the viscosity reduction which can improve the performance of the flowability and inhibit the deposition of wax.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate copolymer as a pour point depressant of waxy crude oil

Elarbe

Elganidi

Ridzuan

et al. 2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Pour point depressant (PPD) has the competitive advantage of lowering the temperature of the wax appearance (WAT) and crude oil viscosity. In this paper, a novel PPD of poly stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate (SA-co-BA) in various mass ratios (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 1:2 and 1:3) was effectively synthesized by solution radical polymerization method, and characterized by fourier transform infrared FTIR, proton nuclear magnetic resonance NMR, x-ray diffraction XRD and scanning electron microscopy SEM. The SA-co-BA PPD was evaluated on Malaysian crude oil via the pour point, the rheological and cold finger analysis to prevent the wax deposition at low temperature and improve flowability. The findings showed that the mass ratio (1:1) at 1000 ppm has a positive effect on the pour point depression from 11 to 2 °C. It was investigated from the rheological measurement that the viscosity of crude oil increases as the temperature decreases. Whereas, the viscosity decreases as the shear rate increases and as shear rate increases, shear stress increases. The flowability performance of the crude by the mass ratio of 1:1 at 1000 of the SA-co-BA concentrations have improved by 89.76%. The highest paraffin inhibition efficiency PIE of wax deposited was obtained at 1:1 of the mass ratio by 44.14%, indicating the smallest amount of wax is formed. This finding is interestingly attributed to the acrylate groups that have a long alkyl chain. Thus, SA-co-BA copolymer was demonstrated to be an appreciable pour point depressant that can prevent the wax deposition at low temperature and increasing the flowability of Malaysian crude oil.

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Section: Sem Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: X-ray Diffraction Xrdsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate copolymer as a pour point depressant of waxy crude oil

Elarbe

Elganidi

Ridzuan

et al. 2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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show abstract

“…This shows that the plasma polymerization of GMA proceeds through C=C double bonds and not the epoxide functional groups. The absorption bands at 2937, 2858, and 1450 cm -1 (the sharp alkane stretching bands) confirmed the long-chain hydrophobic end group in the polymer [34].…”

Section: Characterization Of Synthesized Gnp 311 Raman and Ft-ir Analysesmentioning

confidence: 74%

PECVD application to obtain polymer coated graphene nanoplatelets and development of new epoxy nanocomposites

Yanardag¹,

Ahmetli²,

Karaman³

et al. 2022

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…Furthermore, ideally, acrylic and methacrylic ester groups are one of the chemicals employed for this purpose owing to their high-performance ability to hinder wax deposition as well as flow modifiers (Yang et al 2015a). A significant number of researchers (Zhu et al 2004;Darvishi et al 2013a;Goswami et al 2019;Ghosh et al 2017;Yang et al 2018;Yang et al 2015b) employed methacrylate and acrylate monomers in manufacturing PPDs polymers because these polymers have reactive vinyl bonds. As a PPD chemical inhibitor, such polymers could improve the crude oil flowability and reduce the wax deposition in the crude oil pipeline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterisation and pre-evaluation of a novel terpolymer as pour point depressants to improve the Malaysian crude oil flowability

Elganidi

Elarbe

Ridzuan

et al. 2022

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wax deposition is considered one of the most serious operational issues in the crude oil pipelines. This issue occurs when the crude oil temperature decreases below the temperature of wax appearance and paraffin wax starts to precipitate on the pipelines’ inner walls. As a result, the crude oil flow is impeded because of the precipitated wax. The use of polymeric pour point depressants has obtained significant interest among researchers as an approach of wax control for enhancing the flowability of the waxy crude oil. PPD of poly(behenyl acrylate -co-stearyl methacrylate-co- maleic anhydride) (BA-co-SMA-co-MA) was facilely synthesised by the use of free radical polymerisation. The variation of the PPD structure was studied by choosing several essential parameters like monomers ratio, reaction time, initiator concentration, and reaction temperature. Furthermore, viscosity measurement, pour point, and cold finger apparatus have been employed to evaluate the efficiency of the synthesised Polymer. The chemical structure of poly(BA-co-SMA-co-MA) has been identified through the use of Fourier transform infrared as well as nuclear magnetic resonance. The experimental findings demonstrated that the ideal conditions for obtaining the highest yield were 1.5% initiator concentration, reaction time and temperature of 8 h and 100 °C, respectively, and monomer ratio of 1:1:1 (BA:SMA:MA). Under these ideal conditions, the prepared terpolymer reduced the crude oil viscosity at 30 °C and 1500 ppm from 7.2 to 3.2 mPa.s. The cold finger experiment demonstrated that after poly(BA-co-SMA-co-MA) was used as a wax inhibitor, the maximum efficiency of paraffin inhibition of 45.6% was achieved at 200 rpm and 5 °C. Besides, the best performance in depressing the pour point by ΔPP 14 ℃ observed at the concentration of 1500 ppm, which can change the growth characteristics of wax crystals and delay the aggregation of asphaltene and resin, thus effectively improving the flowability of crude oil.

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Poly(Glycidyl Methacrylate-co-Octadecyl Methacrylate) particles by dispersion radical copolymerization

Cited by 9 publications

References 57 publications

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate copolymer as a pour point depressant of waxy crude oil

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate copolymer as a pour point depressant of waxy crude oil

PECVD application to obtain polymer coated graphene nanoplatelets and development of new epoxy nanocomposites

Synthesis, characterisation and pre-evaluation of a novel terpolymer as pour point depressants to improve the Malaysian crude oil flowability

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