Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA): a versatile building block expanding high performance and sustainable bioplastic applications

Samantaray, Paresh Kumar; Little, Alastair; Haddleton, David M.; McNally, Tony; Tan, Bowen; Sun, Zhaoyang; Huang, Weijie; Ji, Yang; Wan, Chaoying

doi:10.1039/d0gc01394c

Cited by 269 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…In non-biological processes, chemical splitting is largely responsible for deterioration, along with physical erosion. In semicrystalline biodegradable polymers, amorphous domains are highly susceptible to water molecular diffusion [ 214 ]. In this case, the hydrolytic degradation arises first in the polymer’s amorphous regions, heading to chain splitting.…”

Section: Properties Of Polymer Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although bulk erosion is associated with mass loss all over the material, the erosion of the surface is restricted only to the particular surfaces subjected and continues via an erosion front. Bulk erosion is prominent in the case of biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, leading to sample fragility and compromising the materials’ mechanical and functional capabilities [ 214 ]. Therefore, while the scaffold size turns out to be smaller, the bulk structure is retained.…”

Section: Properties Of Polymer Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds

et al. 2021

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Tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine integrate information and technology from various fields to restore/replace tissues and damaged organs for medical treatments. To achieve this, scaffolds act as delivery vectors or as cellular systems for drugs and cells; thereby, cellular material is able to colonize host cells sufficiently to meet up the requirements of regeneration and repair. This process is multi-stage and requires the development of various components to create the desired neo-tissue or organ. In several current TE strategies, biomaterials are essential components. While several polymers are established for their use as biomaterials, careful consideration of the cellular environment and interactions needed is required in selecting a polymer for a given application. Depending on this, scaffold materials can be of natural or synthetic origin, degradable or nondegradable. In this review, an overview of various natural and synthetic polymers and their possible composite scaffolds with their physicochemical properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, morphology, mechanical strength, pore size, and porosity are discussed. The scaffolds fabrication techniques and a few commercially available biopolymers are also tabulated.

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Section: Properties Of Polymer Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Properties Of Polymer Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds

et al. 2021

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“…Increasing the GA content leads to an increase in hydrophilicity, and thus a higher rate of hydrolysis/degradation. [ 76 ] SEM imaging revealed cavities in the films as degradation proceeded ( Figure ), while T g was found to decrease.…”

Section: (Bio)degradable Photopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Photopolymers in 3D Printing: A Review on Biobased, Biodegradable, and Recyclable Alternatives

Voet

Guit

Loos

2020

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

163

131

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The global market for 3D printing materials has grown exponentially in the last decade. Today, photopolymers claim almost half of the material sales worldwide. The lack of sustainable resins, applicable in vat photopolymerization that can compete with commercial materials, however, limits the widespread adoption of this technology. The development of “green” alternatives is of great importance in order to reduce the environmental impact of additive manufacturing. This paper reviews the recent evolutions in the field of sustainable photopolymers for 3D printing. It highlights the synthesis and application of biobased resin components, such as photocurable monomers and oligomers, as well as reinforcing agents derived from natural resources. In addition, the design of biologically degradable and recyclable thermoset products in vat photopolymerization is discussed. Together, those strategies will promote the accurate and waste‐free production of a new generation of 3D materials for a sustainable plastics economy in the near future.

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“…Polyglycolic acid (PGA) is a kind of aliphatic polyester, mainly synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization of glycolide or by the direct polycondensation of glycolic acid [ 9 , 10 ]. PGA possesses excellent mechanical strength and rigidity [ 11 , 12 , 13 ] along with good biocompatibility and biodegradability [ 14 , 15 ]. Owing to its high strength and rigidity (tensile strength = 115 MPa and tensile modulus = 7 GPa) [ 11 , 12 ], PGA can be considered as a candidate for enhancing the mechanical performance of PETG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Properties of Poly(ethylene glycol-co-cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol terephthalate)/Polyglycolic Acid (PETG/PGA) Blends

Wang

Shen

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Polyglycolic acid (PGA) is used as a reinforcing component to enhance the mechanical properties of poly(ethylene glycol-co-cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol terephthalate) (PETG). The tensile performance, micromorphology, crystallinity, heat resistance, and melt mass flow rates (MFRs) of PETG/PGA blends with varying PGA contents were studied. Both the tensile yield strength and tensile modulus of the PETG/PGA blends increased gradually with an increase in the PGA content from 0 to 35 wt%. The tensile yield strength of the PETG/PGA (65/35) blend increased by 8.7% (44.38 to 48.24 MPa), and the tensile modulus increased by 40.2% (1076 to 1509 MPa). However, its tensile ductility decreased drastically, owing to the poor interfacial compatibility of PETG/PGA and the oversized PGA domains. A multiple epoxy chain extender (ADR) was introduced into the PETG/PGA (65/35) blend to improve its interfacial compatibility and rheological properties. The tensile performance, micromorphology, rheological properties, crystallinity, and heat resistance of PETG/PGA (65/35) blends with varying ADR contents were studied. The strong chain extension effect of ADR along with its reactive compatibilization improved the rheological properties and tensile ductility. By carefully controlling the ADR concentration, the performance of PETG/PGA blends can be regulated for different applications.

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Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA): a versatile building block expanding high performance and sustainable bioplastic applications

Abstract:
Unique properties of PGA, and its modifications and applications.

Cited by 269 publications

References 160 publications

A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds

A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds

Sustainable Photopolymers in 3D Printing: A Review on Biobased, Biodegradable, and Recyclable Alternatives

Preparation and Properties of Poly(ethylene glycol-co-cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol terephthalate)/Polyglycolic Acid (PETG/PGA) Blends

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Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA): a versatile building block expanding high performance and sustainable bioplastic applications

Abstract: Unique properties of PGA, and its modifications and applications.

Cited by 269 publications

References 160 publications

A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds

A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds

Sustainable Photopolymers in 3D Printing: A Review on Biobased, Biodegradable, and Recyclable Alternatives

Preparation and Properties of Poly(ethylene glycol-co-cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol terephthalate)/Polyglycolic Acid (PETG/PGA) Blends

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Product

Resources

About

Abstract:
Unique properties of PGA, and its modifications and applications.