Poly(vinylidene chloride)-Based Carbon as an Electrode Material for High Power Capacitors with an Aqueous Electrolyte

Endo, Morinobu; Kim, Y. J.; Takeda, Takashi; Mutoh, T.; Hayashi, T.; Koshiba, K.; Hara, Hideaki; Dresselhaus, M. S.

doi:10.1149/1.1401084

Cited by 93 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The monolith density decreases with removal of oxygen groups and development of porosity [42]. The density found for the three monoliths is higher than that reported for other carbon monoliths, with densities usually below 0.6 g cm -3 [2,20,21,24,26,27,[29][30][31][32], and also higher than the density of pellets obtained from PVDC-based carbon powders [43,44].…”

Section: Physical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 75%

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The contribution of sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of microporous carbon monoliths

Barranco

García-Gómez

Kunowsky

et al. 2014

Journal of Power Sources

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The monoliths studied in this work show large specific surface areas (up to 1600 m 2 g -1 ), high densities (up to 1.17 g cm -3) and high electrical conductivities (up to 9.5 S cm -1 ). They are microporous carbons with pore sizes up to 1.3 nm but most of them below 0.75 nm. They also show oxygen functionalities. The electrochemical behavior of the monoliths is studied in three-electrode cells with aqueous H 2 SO 4 solution as electrolyte. This work deals with the contribution of the sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of carbon monoliths having different surface areas and different contents of oxygen groups. Protons contribute with a pseudocapacitance (up to 152 F g ); both capacitances increase as the surface area increases. The preference of protons to be electroadsorbed at the double layer and the broader voltage window of these ions account for their higher contribution (70 %) to the double layer capacitance.

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Section: Physical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In the literature, sizes for dehydrated and hydrated sulfate ions, of ca. 0.5 nm and 0.6-1 nm, respectively, have been reported [30,43,[45][46][47]. The proton size is still uncertain and the size seems to depend on the pH and counter ion [48][49][50].…”

Section: Physical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

The contribution of sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of microporous carbon monoliths

Barranco

García-Gómez

Kunowsky

et al. 2014

Journal of Power Sources

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“…[13] However, in some other experiments, it has been found that there is no such linear relationship. [14,15] There are also some experiments showing that there is a linear relationship between C and micropore volume. [16,17] The effects of pore size and d on C are also not clear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Universal Model for Nanoporous Carbon Supercapacitors Applicable to Diverse Pore Regimes, Carbon Materials, and Electrolytes

Huang

Sumpter

Meunier

2008

Chemistry A European J

573

439

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Supercapacitors, commonly called electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), are emerging as a novel type of energy-storage device with the potential to substitute batteries in applications that require high power densities. In response to the latest experimental breakthrough in nanoporous carbon supercapacitors, we propose a heuristic theoretical model that takes pore curvature into account as a replacement for the EDLC model, which is based on a traditional parallel-plate capacitor. When the pore size is in the mesopore regime (2-50 nm), counterions enter mesoporous carbon materials and approach the pore wall to form an electric double-cylinder capacitor (EDCC); in the micropore regime (<2 nm), solvated/desolvated counterions line up along the pore axis to form an electric wire-in-cylinder capacitor (EWCC). In the macropore regime (>50 nm) at which pores are large enough so that pore curvature is no longer significant, the EDCC model can be reduced naturally to the EDLC model. We present density functional theory calculations and detailed analyses of available experimental data in various pore regimes, which show the significant effects of pore curvature on the supercapacitor properties of nanoporous carbon materials. It is shown that the EDCC/EWCC model is universal for carbon supercapacitors with diverse carbon materials, including activated carbon materials, template carbon materials, and novel carbide-derived carbon materials, and with diverse electrolytes, including organic electrolytes, such as tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF(4)) and tetraethylammonium methylsulfonate (TEAMS) in acetonitrile, aqueous H(2)SO(4) and KOH electrolytes, and even an ionic liquid electrolyte, such as 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (EMI-TFSI). The EDCC/EWCC model allows the supercapacitor properties to be correlated with pore size, specific surface area, Debye length, electrolyte concentration and dielectric constant, and solute ion size It may lend support for the systematic optimization of the properties of carbon supercapacitors through experiments. On the basis of the insight obtained from the new model, we also discuss the effects of the kinetic solvation/desolvation process, multimodal (versus unimodal) pore size distribution, and exohedral (versus endohedral) capacitors on the electrochemical properties of supercapacitors.

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“…3a), we can find that the capacitance of the positive electrode is relatively much smaller than that of the negative electrode, which can be ascribed to the high diffusion resistance of the large hydrated anion [SO 4 ·(H 2 O) n ] 2− (n06, 12) [28] into the micropores of AC under the internal electric fields.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of activated carbon-based symmetric supercapacitors in Li2SO4 and KOH aqueous electrolytes

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2012

J Solid State Electrochem

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In this work, we have prepared activated carbon (AC)-based symmetric supercapacitor (SC) using Li 2 SO 4 aqueous electrolyte instead of H 2 SO 4 and KOH and obtained a device with an improved cell voltage window (CVW) of 0−1.6 V from 0 to 1.0 V. The SC using KOH electrolyte is also fabricated for comparison. The electrochemical characteristics of SCs such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cycle stability are investigated systematically. The possible redox reactions of electrodes that occurred in Li 2 SO 4 and KOH electrolytes that restrict the CVWs are discussed. The results indicate that in the case of Li 2 SO 4 , the AC electrode can deliver a specific capacitance of 210 Fg −1 at a current density of 0.1 Ag −1 , and the energy density of capacitor can be as high as 16.9 Wh kg −1 at 200 Wkg −1 (based on the total mass of active electrode materials), 80% higher than that in the case of KOH.

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Poly(vinylidene chloride)-Based Carbon as an Electrode Material for High Power Capacitors with an Aqueous Electrolyte

Cited by 93 publications

References 10 publications

The contribution of sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of microporous carbon monoliths

The contribution of sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of microporous carbon monoliths

A Universal Model for Nanoporous Carbon Supercapacitors Applicable to Diverse Pore Regimes, Carbon Materials, and Electrolytes

A comparative study of activated carbon-based symmetric supercapacitors in Li2SO4 and KOH aqueous electrolytes

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