Polyacrylamide grafted Agar: Synthesis and applications of conventional and microwave assisted technique

Rani, G. Usha; Mishra, Sumit; Sen, Gautam; Jha, Usha

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.069

Cited by 66 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The peak at 1621 cm À1 was attributed to the overlapping of HÀOÀH bending vibration and C¼O stretching band [40,42]. New obvious peak at 1384 cm À1 was attributed to CÀN [43] derived from PAM. Besides, the peak representing NÀH deformation vibration for PAM shifted from 618 to 668 cm À1 , which was attributed to the stronger hydrogen bonding between N and H groups in PAM and OÀH groups on seed surfaces [41].…”

Section: Formation Mechanism Of Abgsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Abiological Granular Sludge Formation Benefit for Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment Using Sulfide Precipitation

Chai

et al. 2017

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Solid-liquid separation is a fundamental and ubiquitous process in water purification. Previously, an abiological granular sludge (ABGS) formation strategy was developed to improve the solid-liquid separation in heavy metal wastewater treatment. Although this strategy can be effectively applied in hydroxide precipitation, it remains challenging to apply it to other precipitation processes and real wastewater. Here, conditions for ABGS formation in the sulfide precipitation were first optimized. The effect of pH, seed dosage, and flocculant dosage on settling velocity and metal removal was systematically investigated. The results showed that the settling velocity of ABGS reached up to 3.7 cm/s and the volume of ABGS was compressed to one fifth of the original under optimal conditions, that is, pH of 8.5, seeds dosage of 0.25 g/L, and polyacrylamide dosage of 10 mg/L. Moreover, the ABGS formed in the process was analyzed for morphology and phase composition to provide insight into the formation mechanism, involving surface nucleation and aggregation, flocculation, and rearrangement. Under the optimized conditions, real Pb-Zn smelting wastewater was treated. The settling velocity (3.4 cm/s) of ABGS formed in real wastewater was as high as that in synthetic wastewater. Therefore, the ABGS strategy is potential to be scaled up to industrial application.

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Section: Formation Mechanism Of Abgsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Abiological Granular Sludge Formation Benefit for Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment Using Sulfide Precipitation

Chai

et al. 2017

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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“…The process causes free radical generation on oatmeal backbone, where the graft chains (monomers) are added up easily. The planned mechanism of synthesis of OAT-g-PMMA via the microwave-assisted technique has been presented in various studies 27,[37][38][39] and is revealed in Scheme 1.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Oat-g-pmma Matrices Via Microwave-assisted Techmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel OAT‐g‐PMMA Matrices: Its Application in Controlled and Colonic Drug Delivery

2016

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ABSTRACT:This research reports synthesis of novel graft copolymers of oatmeal (OAT-g-PMMA) using a methyl methacrylate monomer via the "microwave-assisted" technique which were applied as matrices. The synthesized matrices were used to develop the bioavailability of model drug (5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA)) for colon-targeted delivery. Characterization of novel synthesized matrices includes intrinsic viscosity, 13 C-CP/MAS solid-state NMR spectroscopy, FTIR, DSC, SEM, TGA, UV, and elemental analysis. In vitro release studies of 5-ASA were performed in simulated gastric medium (pH 2) and simulated intestinal medium (pH 7 and 7.4). The release rate of 5-ASA from OAT-g-PMMA matrices was found to be slower than oatmeal in simulated gastric media. However, the reverse trend was observed in simulated intestinal medium. These results suggest that synthesized novel OAT-g-PMMA matrices are more suitable for oral delivery of applied model drug as compared to starting biopolymer (oatmeal) with special reference followed by the Fickian diffusion mechanism as a colonic drug carrier. C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2015, 0, 21628; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com.

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“…The mechanism of synthesis via microwave-assisted technique has been presented in earlier studies. [37][38][39] The proposed mechanism of the microwave-assisted synthesis is depicted in Scheme 1a, and the synthesis details of various grades of grafted copolymers of OAT-g-PAMs [M.A] are given in Table I. Main advantages of microwave-based techniques over other techniques are that it leads to instantaneous heating, easy to operate, clean synthesis, efficient energy, and give products of superior quality.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Oat-g-pams Via 'Microwave Assisted' Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Studies on the High Performance Flocculating Agent of Novel Polyacrylamide grafted Oatmeal

2015

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Polyacrylamide grafted oatmeal was synthesized via two techniques, namely microwave assisted using ceric ammonium nitrate along with microwave irradiation and microwave initiated using microwave irradiation alone. The synthesized graft copolymers via both methods were characterized by a number of physicochemical techniques including viscometry, elemental analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), SEM, TGA, UV DSC and Carbon 13-cross polarization/magic angle spinning solid-state NMR Spectroscopy ( 13 C-CP/MAS SSNMR Spectroscopy) using a parent biopolymer (oatmeal) as reference. Furthermore, flocculation efficiency of synthesized graft copolymers was studied in 0.25 wt% kaolin suspension and in wastewater for attenuation of pollutant load. The studies report the superiority of OAT-g-PAMs synthesized by the microwave-assisted technique than microwave-initiated technique in terms of their higher percentage grafting, intrinsic viscosity, flocculation efficiency and pollution load reduction. The synthesized graft copolymers were compared with PAM and alum for assessing their flocculation behavior in 0.25 wt% kaolin suspension and the results obtained were found encouraging for the treatment of effluents discharged from various industries. C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2016, , 21540; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com.

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Polyacrylamide grafted Agar: Synthesis and applications of conventional and microwave assisted technique

Cited by 66 publications

References 25 publications

Abiological Granular Sludge Formation Benefit for Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment Using Sulfide Precipitation

Abiological Granular Sludge Formation Benefit for Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment Using Sulfide Precipitation

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel OAT‐g‐PMMA Matrices: Its Application in Controlled and Colonic Drug Delivery

Comparative Studies on the High Performance Flocculating Agent of Novel Polyacrylamide grafted Oatmeal

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