Polyamine Metabolism III: Urinary Acetyl Polyamines in Human Cancer

Polyamines in Human Gastrointestinal Malignancies

“…Inasmuch as the clinical relevance of polyamine determinations in blood and urine as markers in tumor diagnosis is con cerned, the literature yielded conflicting re sults [4][5][6][14][15][16][17], Some authors suggested that polyamines in general or different poly amine derivatives such as acetylputrescine [7], putrescine [18], N|-acetylspermidine [8] or the ratio of N r /N 8-acetylspermidine [7,19] in particular could play an important role in the diagnosis of malignancies. These reports could not be confirmed in the present study.…”

“…Though their detailed function and mode of action are still not known, their essential role in cell proliferation and differentiation is well es tablished [1,2], In 1971, Russell [3] was the first who found elevated polyamine concen trations in the urine of cancer patients. Since then, several investigators have explored the clinical value of polyamine determination in the diagnosis of various types of human neo plasia, but the data presented so far yielded conflicting results, and the clinical relevance of polyamines as markers in the diagnosis or postoperative monitoring of tumors is still under debate [4][5][6], As aims of the present study, (1) we eval uated the sensitivity and specificity of poly amine determination in human serum and urine for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancies; (2) postoperative polyamine analysis was performed to elucidate the role of polyamines in postoperative monitoring of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, and (3), since nothing is known concerning the role of the diamine cadaverine in this respect and due to the special importance of acetylated polyamine derivatives as major excre tory products of intracellular polyamines [7,8], certain emphasis was laid on the determi nation of these compounds. For polyamine determination a modified liquid chromato graphic procedure with improved sensitivity was used [9].…”

High performance liquid chromatography of biological polyamines using immobilized enzyme as post‐column reactor followed by electrochemical detection

“…Since levels of urinary polyamines were found to be elevated in patients with cancer (Russell, 1971), much attention has been paid to them as tumor markers (Fujita et al, 1976;Abdel-Monem and Ohno, 1978).…”

“…Detection has usually been by pre-or postcolumn derivatization. These include derivatization by benzoyl chloride for UV absorption (Clarke and Tyms, 1986; Asotra et af., 1987), dabsyl chloride for visible absorption (Koski et al, 1987) and dansyl chloride (Henrikst Author to whom correspondence should be addressed Eckerman and Laijoki, 1985;Walter and Geuns, 1987;Kabra et al, 1986;Smith and Davies, 1985;Desiderio et af., 1987), o-phthalaldehyde (Abe andHori, 1985;Seiler and Knodgen, 1985;Greenberg and Cohen, 1985;Whitmore and Slotkin, 1985;Kvannes and Flatmark, 1987) and 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl) (Yun and Zhang, 1987) for fluorescence detection. The specificity of these detection methods, even fluorescence detection, is not necessarily sufficient, because many other amine compounds are also derivatized with these labeling reagents.…”

“…Polyamines have been separated by cation exchange (Abe and Hori, 1985) or reversed phase chromatography either with ion-pairing (Seiler and Knodgen, 1985;Henriks-Eckerman and Laijoki, 1985;Greenberg and Cohen, 1985;Whitmore and Slotkin, 1985) or without (Koski et af., 1987;Clarke and Tyms, 1986;Walter and Geuns, 1987;Kabra et al, 1986;Smith and Davies, 1985;Desiderio et al, 1987;Kvannes and Flatmark, 1987;Asotra et al, 1987). Since spermine and itt derivatives are strongly retained, gradient elutions have been required in the most of studies.…”