Polyamines of unicellular thermoacidophilic red alga Cyanidium caldarium

Cellular polyamines of phototrophs and heterotrophs belonging to the lower eukaryotic phyla Cercozoa, Euglenozoa, Heterokonta and Metamonada

“…The polyamine data on non-axenic unialgal strains cultured photosynthetically were useful, because contaminants were negligible under a microscopic observation; therefore, the polyamines derived from contaminants might be excluded in the algal polyamine samples. Algal samples collected from fields and the axenic cultures of the purified alga showed the same polyamine patterns (Hamana and Matsuzaki, 1982;Hamana et al, 1990). Furthermore, the same polyamine components and similar concentrations were observed in the two cultures using axenic strains of blue-green algae and its non-axenic strains (Hosoya et al, 2005).…”

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Glaucophyta and Rhodophyta, have been studied in order to consider the phylogenetic significance of cellular polyamine distributions in early evolution of eukaryotes Matsuzaki, 1982, 1985;Hamana and Niitsu, 2006;Hamana et al, 1990Hamana et al, , 2004a Hamana et al, , b, 2006a. In the eleven phyla, the three phototrophic phyla Glaucophyta, Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta, have plastids from the primary endosymbiosis of an oxygenic phototrophic prokaryote, cyanobacterium (blue-green alga), and multicellular species evolved within the latter two (Baldauf, 2003;Bhattacharya et al, 2004;Cavalier-Smith, 1998;Dyall et al, 2004;Falkowski et al, 2004;Inouye, 2006; NCBI website, 2007;Rodriguez-Ezpeleta et al, 2005).

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Cellular polyamines of lower eukaryotes belonging to the phyla Glaucophyta, Rhodophyta, Cryptophyta, Haptophyta and Percolozoa

“…52 Dap, diaminopropane; Put, putrescine; Cad, cadaverine; NSpd, norspermidine; Spd, spermidine; HSpd, homospermidine; NSpm, norspermine; Spm, spermine; Ϫ, not detected (Ͻ0.005); IAM, Institute of Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; NIES, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan; ATCC, American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, Virginia, USA; MBIC, the Marine Biotechnology Institute Culture Collection, Kamaishi, Iwate, Japan. (a) Cited from Hamana and Matsuzaki (1982); (b) Hamana and Matsuzaki (1985); (c) Hamana et al (1990). * Non-axenic unialgal (uniprotozol) strain.…”

“…cophyta, Heterokontophyta (Heterokonta) and Rhodophyta, have been studied in order to consider the phylogenetic significance of cellular polyamine distributions in early evolution of eukaryotes Matsuzaki, 1982, 1985;Hamana et al, 1990Hamana et al, , 2004a. In the nine phyla, the three phototrophic phyla Glaucophyta, Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta have plastids by the primary endosymbiosis of a phototrophic prokaryote, cyanobacterium, and multicellular species evolved within Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta (Bhattacharya et al, 2004;Cavalier-Smith, 1998;Falkowski et al, 2004;NCBI website, 2006;Rodriguez-Ezpeleta et al, 2005).…”

Cellular polyamine profile of the phyla Dinophyta, Apicomplexa, Ciliophora, Euglenozoa, Cercozoa and Heterokonta

“…These polyamines have been implicated in a wide variety of cellular reactions, including protein and nucleic acid syntheses. Analysis of cellular polyamine components in eukaryotic algae has been studied to elucidate usefulness for their chemotaxonomy Matsuzaki, 1982, 1985;Hamana et al, , 1990Hamana et al, , 2004Hegewald and Kneifel, 1981Kneifel and Hegewald, 1980). Norspermidine and norspermine were detected as a major polyamine in various photosynthetic algae belonging to the phyla Euglenozoa, Rhodophyta, Heterokonta, Chlorophyta and Charophyta, and have not been found in the algae located in the phylum Glaucophyta.…”