Polyaniline doped with copper phthalocyanine disulfonic acid and their unique thermoelectric performance

Zhang, Rui; Zhang, Songlan; Yin, Qinjian; Wang, Yihan; Du, Kai; Yin, Qiang

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125337

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Recently, research on organic thermoelectric materials has burgeoned and primarily concentrated on conventional conducting polymers like polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). However, owing to the modest thermoelectric properties of these traditional conductive polymers, the doping process is often necessary to increase the electrical conductivity for TE applications. − Therefore, it is imperative and necessary to design novel, highly conductive thermoelectric materials. Shi et al introduced chlorine and fluorine atoms onto the backbone of the n-type conjugated polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Organic Thermoelectric Composites and Devices with Enhanced Performances through Fine-Tuning of Molecular Energy Levels

Zheng,

Zhang,

Sun

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Thermoelectric (TE) generators, based on thermoelectric materials, can efficiently convert thermal energy into electricity via the Seebeck effect, showing great promise for wasteheat recovery research. Recent advancements in TE composites of conductive polymer/carbon nanotubes have been significant. This study evaluates the thermoelectric properties of organic TE films and generators by combining naphthalene diimide (NDI) polymers with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The results reveal that P(NDI-HTO)/SWCNT composite films containing free radicals and alkyl side chains have enhanced thermoelectric properties compared to P(NDI-HT)/SWCNT composite films without free radicals and P(NDI-TP)/SWCNT composite films containing polar side chains. Among them, maximum power factors reach 264.1 ± 21.9 μW m −1 K −2 for p-type and 72.2 ± 1.5 μW m −1 K −2 for n-type composite films, marking increases of 113% and 32%, respectively, over pristine SWCNT films. Furthermore, a flexible thermoelectric generator based on P(NDI-HTO)/SWCNT, with five pairs of p−n junctions, achieves an output voltage of 28.8 mV and an output power of 1.2 μW at a 60 K temperature differential. These improvements in thermoelectric properties are primarily due to the effective modulation of molecular energy levels, enhancing the charge transfer process between NDI polymers and SWCNTs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Organic Thermoelectric Composites and Devices with Enhanced Performances through Fine-Tuning of Molecular Energy Levels

Zheng,

Zhang,

Sun

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…The preparation of hybrid materials based on conductive polymers and phthalocyanines is carried out using the following methods: (1) the electrocopolymerization of phthalocyanines molecules with electroactive monomers, for example, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) [6][7][8][9][10] or aniline [11]; (2) the use of phthalocyaninates with anionic substituents (carboxylic or sulfonic groups) as a charge-compensating anion in the electropolymerization of aniline [12,13], pyrrole [14,15], and EDOT [3]; (3) the chemical polymerization of EDOT in the presence of polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSSA) with copper phthalocyanine [16], poly(sodium styrene sulfonate), and transition-metal tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine as catalysts [17], and the chemical polymerization of aniline in the presence of hydrochloric acid and metal phthalocyaninates [18,19]. Another way to prepare hybrid material is the mixing of PEDOT-PSSA and copper phthalocyanine water dispersions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Templating Effect of Water-Soluble Anionic Phthalocyaninate on the Electropolymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene

et al. 2023

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The electrochemical polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) was performed in the presence of a water-soluble anionic copper and zinc octa(3′,5′-dicarboxyphenoxy)phthalocyaninate containing 16 ionogenic carboxylate groups. The influences of the central metal atom in the phthalocyaninate and EDOT-to-carboxylate group ratio (1:2, 1:4, and 1:6) on the course of electropolymerization were studied using electrochemical methods. It has been shown that the polymerization of EDOT in the presence of phthalocyaninates proceeds at a higher rate compared to that in the presence of a low-molecular-weight electrolyte (sodium acetate). Studies of the electronic and chemical structure using UV–Vis–NIR and Raman spectroscopies showed that the use of copper phthalocyaninate leads to a higher content of the latter in PEDOT composite films. The 1:2 EDOT-to-carboxylate group ratio was found to be optimal for a higher content of phthalocyaninate in the composite film.

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“…Research, including on carbon nanotubes/polyaniline composite films, has found interesting results due to its low thermal conductivity [103]; the main problem for TE polymer materials is the difficulty of dissolving it in organic solvents, but the electrochemical deposition process is a practical solution to address this issue [104]. Research on polypyrrole [105,106], polyaniline [107,108] and poly:poly composites [109][110][111] materials has been conducted. Carbon nanotubes also show interesting results because of their TE and mechanical properties [112]; additionally, Blackburn et al [113] have previously summarized the advantages of carbon-nanotube (CNT)-based thermoelectric materials such as cost-effectiveness, ease of fabrication, flexibility, stretchability, and them being lightweight, but further research is needed to develop and improve the doping, functionalization, and stabilization of those materials; they also found it promising to achieve a TE power factor greater than one in the next decade.…”

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confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Thermoelectric Generation: A Review

Sanin-Villa

2022

Sustainability

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The world’s growing energy demand poses several concerns regarding the rational and efficient use of energy resources. This is also the case for many industrial processes, where energy losses and particularly thermal losses are common. Thermoelectric generators offer an alternative to address some of these challenges by recovering wasted heat and thereby increasing the overall efficiency of these processes. However, the successful operation of the thermoelectrical modules meant to carry this process is only possible when pairing these to an external control system; such a system plays an important role in predicting and operating such modules at its maximum power point. In this review paper, recent developments in the field of thermoelectric technology are discussed along with their mathematical models, applications, materials, and auxiliary devices to harvest thermal energy. Moreover, new advancements in phenomenological models are also discussed and summarized. The compiled evidence shows that the thermal dependence properties on the thermoelectric generator material’s modules and the mismatching thermal conditions play an important role in predicting power output in those systems, which prove the importance of including those parameters to enhance the accuracy of the energy production prediction. In addition, based on the evaluation of the mathematical models, it is shown that more studies are required to fill the gap between the current state-of-the-art of the technology and adjacent modeling techniques for the design and evaluation of thermal energy harvesting systems employing thermoelectric arrays under mismatching thermal conditions.

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Polyaniline doped with copper phthalocyanine disulfonic acid and their unique thermoelectric performance

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Flexible Organic Thermoelectric Composites and Devices with Enhanced Performances through Fine-Tuning of Molecular Energy Levels

Flexible Organic Thermoelectric Composites and Devices with Enhanced Performances through Fine-Tuning of Molecular Energy Levels

Templating Effect of Water-Soluble Anionic Phthalocyaninate on the Electropolymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene

Recent Developments in Thermoelectric Generation: A Review

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