2016
DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600153
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Polyaniline Nanorods Grown on Hollow Carbon Fibers as High‐Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes

Abstract: Hollow carbon fibers (aCFs) with a high specific surface area are applied as conductive scaffolds for polyaniline (PANi) growth. aCFs oxidized by HNO3 treatment have more surface negative charges, which interact with protonated aniline molecules in acidic media. The subsequent chemical oxidative polymerization assisted by (NH4)2S2O8 yields aCF–PANi composites with PANi nanorod arrays strongly coupled on both the external and internal surfaces of the aCFs. Serving as binder‐free supercapacitor electrode, the aC… Show more

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Cited by 25 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…Moreover, the long tails are all approximately vertical to the real axis in the low frequency region except for the electrode prepared at the aniline concentration of 1.5 M. Generally, the slope line appearing in the low frequency region is related to the electrolyte diffusion/transport, and the larger slope means a faster redox reaction, closer to a pure capacitive behavior. ,,, Generally, the slope in the low frequency represents electrolyte diffusion/transport, and the larger slope means a faster redox reaction, closer to a pure capacitive behavior. ,,, The equivalent series resistances (ESRs) obtained by the intercept between the x axis and the Nyquist plot are 1.37, 1.42, 1.57, 1.52, 1.55, and 1.77 ohm for the aniline concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 M, respectively. These demonstrate that the PANI array/CCs have relatively low resistances and fast ion responses ing a high frequency range that makes the electrolyte ion pass through the surface and inner layer structure easily; as a result, a large capacitance can remain even under a fast charge–discharge condition. ,,, Figure b further gives the Bode plots of the impedance phase angles for all the electrodes. The values of the phase angles are 85°, 86°, 83°, 85°, 86°, 87°, and 84° for the CC and PANI array/CCs prepared at 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 M, respectively, implying the nearly ideal capacitive behaviors.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 84%
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“…Moreover, the long tails are all approximately vertical to the real axis in the low frequency region except for the electrode prepared at the aniline concentration of 1.5 M. Generally, the slope line appearing in the low frequency region is related to the electrolyte diffusion/transport, and the larger slope means a faster redox reaction, closer to a pure capacitive behavior. ,,, Generally, the slope in the low frequency represents electrolyte diffusion/transport, and the larger slope means a faster redox reaction, closer to a pure capacitive behavior. ,,, The equivalent series resistances (ESRs) obtained by the intercept between the x axis and the Nyquist plot are 1.37, 1.42, 1.57, 1.52, 1.55, and 1.77 ohm for the aniline concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 M, respectively. These demonstrate that the PANI array/CCs have relatively low resistances and fast ion responses ing a high frequency range that makes the electrolyte ion pass through the surface and inner layer structure easily; as a result, a large capacitance can remain even under a fast charge–discharge condition. ,,, Figure b further gives the Bode plots of the impedance phase angles for all the electrodes. The values of the phase angles are 85°, 86°, 83°, 85°, 86°, 87°, and 84° for the CC and PANI array/CCs prepared at 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 M, respectively, implying the nearly ideal capacitive behaviors.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 84%
“…The areal capacitance of the electrodes prepared at the aniline concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 M are 49.3, 174.3, 237.0, 356.9, 604.7, and 505.9 mF cm –2 , while the corresponding gravimetric capacitances are 205.4, 311.3, 329.2, 446.1, 419.9, and 266.3 F g –1 , respectively. The maximum gravimetric capacitance of 446.1 F g –1 is better than 364 F g –1 for neat PANI/aCF fabricated though chemical polymerization and 408 F g –1 for the SPAN/FC prepared by electrochemical polymerization. Moreover, the rate capabilities for all the PANI array/CCs are further tested by varying the current density from 1 to 20 mA cm –2 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 87%
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