Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Contamination at Metal Recovery Facilities, Open Burn Sites, and a Railroad Car Incineration Facility

Harnly, Martha; Stephens, Robert D.; McLaughlin, C; Marcotte, Jerry; Petreas, Myrto; Goldman, Lynn R.

doi:10.1021/es00003a015

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This shows that OCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, OCDF and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF were the dominant congeners, and this is very similar to the congener profiles in flue gas reported by Gullett et al for the open burning of insulated wire [13]. The fingerprints from the residual ash in the study were similar at both sites and also similar to soil/ash and fly ash samples from open burning metal recovery sites [25,36]. Different PCDD/Fs homologue profiles are normally correlated with different PCDD/Fs formation pathways.…”

Section: Unintentional Pop Congener Profiles In Emissions From Thermasupporting

confidence: 87%

“…However, a much lower R DF/DD of 0.4 was obtained from the flue gas at P1, which operates in a low oxygen environment. This value was similar to ratios measured in soil/ash from waste railroad car incineration [25,37]. In summary, the PCDD/F characteristics and distribution indicate that different formation mechanisms may occur in the flue gases at the two plants.…”

Section: Unintentional Pop Congener Profiles In Emissions From Thermasupporting

confidence: 83%

“…R DF/DD values >1 were observed in all the residual ash and flue gas samples from P2 which operates with oxygen-enriched combustion. This high ratio is similar to ratios measured in soils from metal recovery facilities and open burning sites [25]. However, a much lower R DF/DD of 0.4 was obtained from the flue gas at P1, which operates in a low oxygen environment.…”

Section: Unintentional Pop Congener Profiles In Emissions From Thermasupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Vanwijnen et al measured soil samples collected around small-scale illegal scrap wire and car incineration sites in the Netherlands, and found total PCDD/F TEQ concentrations of 0.06-98 ng I-TEQ/g dw [24]. Harnly et al analyzed soil/ash mixtures from three historical metal recovery facilities near a California desert town, and found mean PCDD/F TEQ concentrations of 0.2-2.9 ng I-TEQ g −1 , with a significantly higher value (19 g I-TEQ g −1 ) found in the fly ash at the metal recovery sites, originating from the burning of electrical wires, transformers, capacitors and automobile engines [25].…”

Section: Concentrations Of Unintentional Pops Emitted From Thermal Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

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A preliminary investigation of unintentional POP emissions from thermal wire reclamation at industrial scrap metal recycling parks in China

Nie

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2012

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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a b s t r a c tThermal wire reclamation is considered to be a potential source of unintentional persistent organic pollutants (unintentional POPs). In this study, unintentional POP concentrations, including PCDD/Fs, dioxin like PCBs (dl-PCBs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), hexachlorobenzene (HxCBz) and pentachlorobenzene (PeCBz), were quantified in flue gas and residual ash emissions from thermal wire reclamation at scrap metal dismantling parks in Zhejiang Province, China. The total average TEQ emissions of the investigated unintentional POPs from flue gas and residual ash in two typical scrap metal recycling plants ranged from 13.1 to 48.3 ng TEQ N m −3 and 0.08 to 2.8 ng TEQ g −1 , respectively. The dominant PCDD/F congeners were OCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, OCDF and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF, while PCB-126 and PCB-169 were the main contributors to the toxicity of the dl-PCBs. There were clear differences in the distribution dl-PCBs congeners contributing to the TEQ concentrations in the flue gas samples from the two plants. The PCN TEQs were dominated by PCN-66/67 and PCN-73. Although thermal wire reclamation in incinerators has been proposed as an alternative to open burning, there are still considerable environmental risks associated with regulated incinerators, and unintentional POP emissions from thermal wire reclamation sites need to be controlled by local government agencies.

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Section: Unintentional Pop Congener Profiles In Emissions From Thermasupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Unintentional Pop Congener Profiles In Emissions From Thermasupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Unintentional Pop Congener Profiles In Emissions From Thermasupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Concentrations Of Unintentional Pops Emitted From Thermal Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A preliminary investigation of unintentional POP emissions from thermal wire reclamation at industrial scrap metal recycling parks in China

Nie

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2012

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Dioxinas e furanos clorados, por exemplo, podem ser liberados no meio ambiente em processos de combustão incompleta. Existem evidências sobre a alta toxicidade e persistência destes tipos de compostos, destacando entre outros o 2,3,7,8-tetraclorodibenzo-p-dioxina (TCDD), de potente ação carcinogênica 11 . Grande parte da ação tóxica destas espécies pode ser constatada em microorganismos aquáticos, nos quais é comum o aparecimento de anormalidades no sistema reprodutivo e imunológico 12 .…”

Section: Aspectos Ambientais Dos Compostos Organocloradosunclassified

Novas tendências para o tratamento de resíduos industriais contendo espécies organocloradas

Freire¹,

Pelegrini²,

Kubota³

et al. 2000

Quím. Nova

146

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, and mainly the low efficiency of the current remediation processes, are important aspects that have been promoted to study new degrading technologies. Among the great number of new physical and chemical alternatives, the photochemical and electrochemical processes have been played an important role, mainly due to their high degradation capacity through relatively low-cost procedures. In these contexts biological processes, the use of white-rot fungi, or even ligninolytic enzymes produced from them, are also very promising alternatives. However, the necessity of long reaction time and the high cost of the enzyme production process are some of the drawbacks that difficult the definitive consolidation of these processes.Keywords: organochloride compounds; industrial effluents; degradation processes. REVISÃO INTRODUÇÃOCom a evolução dos processos industriais e o conseqüente surgimento de inúmeros produtos que rapidamente tornaram-se de primeira necessidade, a atividade industrial adquiriu um caráter essencial na sociedade contemporânea. Embora a sua importância seja indiscutível, a atividade industrial costuma ser responsabilizada, e muitas vezes com justa razão, pelo fenô-meno de contaminação ambiental, principalmente graças a dois fatores de extrema importância: a) o acúmulo de matérias primas e insumos, que envolve sérios riscos de contaminação por transporte e disposição inadequada; e b) ineficiência dos processos de conversão, o que necessariamente implica a geração de resíduos.Embora exista uma preocupação universal em se evitar episódios de contaminação ambiental, estes eventos prejudiciais continuam acontecendo, principalmente porque, em função dos fatores acima comentados, grande parte dos processos produtivos são intrinsecamente poluentes. Ao longo das décadas, a atividade industrial tem produzido rejeitos gasosos, líquidos e sólidos nocivos ao meio ambiente. Substâncias químicas presentes na atmosfera, principalmente compostos organoclorados voláteis produzidos pelo homem, tem colocado em risco a vida na terra através da destruição da camada de ozônio. Da mesma forma, processos industriais que utilizam grandes volumes de água contribuem significativamente com a contaminação dos corpos d'água, principalmente pela ausência de sistemas de tratamento para os grandes volumes de efluentes líquidos produzidos. Dentro deste contexto, uma importante parcela do processo de contaminação pode ser atribuída às atividades das refinarias de petróleo, indústrias químicas, têxteis e papeleiras. No entanto, não menos importante é a contribuição da atividade agrícola, dos esgotos sanitários e dos resíduos domésticos.Em função deste panorama, muitos estudos têm sido realizados buscando desenvolver tecnologias capazes de minimizar o volume e a toxicidade dos efluentes industriais [1][2][3][4][5] . Infelizmente, a aplicabilidade destes tipos de sistemas está subordinada ao desenvolvimento de processos modificados e ao estabelecimento de sistemas de reciclagem de efluentes, atividades que implicam em tecnologias evolutivas e ...

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Thermische Prozesse als Quellen für PXDD und PXDF

Ballschmiter

Bacher

1996

Dioxine

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Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Contamination at Metal Recovery Facilities, Open Burn Sites, and a Railroad Car Incineration Facility

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

A preliminary investigation of unintentional POP emissions from thermal wire reclamation at industrial scrap metal recycling parks in China

A preliminary investigation of unintentional POP emissions from thermal wire reclamation at industrial scrap metal recycling parks in China

Novas tendências para o tratamento de resíduos industriais contendo espécies organocloradas

Thermische Prozesse als Quellen für PXDD und PXDF

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