Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Generation Behavior in the Process of Carbonization of Wood

Nakajima, Daisuke; Nagame, S.; Kuramochi, Hidetoshi; Sugita, Kazutoshi; Kageyama, Shiho; Shiozaki, Takuya; Takemura, Tamiko; Shiraishi, Fujio; Goto, Sumio

doi:10.1007/s00128-007-9177-8

Cited by 52 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Again, we contributed this to more friction, thus more heat, created by the vibration sanding. Other studies corroborating the theory of PAHs generated during friction between the power tool and wood, can be gathered from other pyrolysis experiments such as carbonization of wood where PAH generation has already been described (Nakajima et al, 2007). They detected non-carcinogenic PAHs such as fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and potentially carcinogenic PAH such as benz(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene and BaP in their samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during woodworking operations

Bruschweiler¹,

Danuser²,

Huynh³

et al. 2012

Front. Oncol.

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Occupational exposures to wood dust have been associated with an elevated risk of sinonasal cancer (SNC). Wood dust is recognized as a human carcinogen but the specific cancer causative agent remains unknown. One possible explanation is a co-exposure to; wood dust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs could be generated during incomplete combustion of wood due to heat created by use of power tools. To determine if PAHs are generated from wood during common wood working operations, PAH concentrations in wood dust samples collected in an experimental chamber operated under controlled conditions were analyzed. In addition, personal air samples from workers exposed to wood dust (n = 30) were collected. Wood dust was generated using three different power tools: vibrating sander, belt sander, and saw; and six wood materials: fir, Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF), beech, mahogany, oak and wood melamine. Monitoring of wood workers was carried out by means of personal sampler device during wood working operations. We measured 21 PAH concentrations in wood dust samples by capillary gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Total PAH concentrations in wood dust varied greatly (0.24–7.95 ppm) with the lowest being in MDF dust and the highest in wood melamine dust. Personal PAH exposures were between 37.5–119.8 ng m−3 during wood working operations. Our results suggest that PAH exposures are present during woodworking operations and hence could play a role in the mechanism of cancer induction related to wood dust exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during woodworking operations

Bruschweiler¹,

Danuser²,

Huynh³

et al. 2012

Front. Oncol.

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“…For extracted small compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other unknown organic compounds, GC-MS and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry can be used. The content of total PAH was found in the range of negligible 3.68 μg/g and varied with biomass sources (Fernandes and Brooks 2003;Hale et al 2012;Nakajima et al 2007). Molecular-level composition for a water-extractable organic matter of biochar/bio-oil is characterized by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS).…”

Section: Molecular Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of biochar-based materials in environmental remediation: from multi-level structures to specific devices

Wang

et al. 2020

Biochar

145

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The development of biochar has triggered a hot-spot in various research fields including agriculture, energy, environment, and materials. Biochar-based materials provide a novel approach against environmental challenging issues. Considering the rapid development of biochar materials, this review serves as a valuable platform to summarize the recent progress on the theoretical investigation and engineering applications of biochar materials in environmental remediation. For a better understanding of the structure-application relationships, the structural properties of biochar from macroscopic and microscopic aspects are summarized. The multilevel structures including elements, phases, surface chemistry, and molecular are highlighted to elucidate the multi-functional properties of biochars. Sorption, catalysis, redox reaction, and biological activity of biochar are briefly illustrated, which influence the transport, transformation, and removal of organic and inorganic pollutants in the environments. According to the multi-level structures and structure-application relationships of biochar, specific biocharbased materials and devices have been designed for practical environmental application. The important progress on the functionalization and device of biochar-based materials, including magnetic biochars, 2D and 3D biochar-based macrostructures, immobilized microorganism on biochar, and biochar-amended biofilters are highlighted. The environmental friendliness and sustainability of biochar-based materials, considering the whole cycle from synthesis to application, are evaluated.

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“…However, it is likely they release into the environment gradually and pose a threat to living beings (Oleszczuk et al 2013;Yargicoglu and Reddy 2014). The feedstock type and the pyrolysis variables can determine the nature and amount of the toxic compounds in the produced biochars (Sharma and Hajaligol 2003;Brown et al 2006;Nakajima et al 2007;Keiluweit et al 2012). Hale et al (2012) evaluated different pyrolysis procedures and a wide variety of biomasses to find the amount of total and bioavailable PAHs and dioxins in the 50 final biochars.…”

Section: Drawbacks Of Biochar Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar efficiency in pesticides sorption as a function of production variables—a review

Yavari

Malakahmad

Sapari

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

110

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Biochar is a stabilized, carbon-rich by-product derived from pyrolysis of biomass. Recently, biochar has received extensive attentions because of its multi-functionality for agricultural and environmental applications. Biochar can contribute to sequestration of atmosphere carbon, improvement of soils quality, and mitigation of environmental contaminations. The capability of biochar for specific application is determined by its properties which are predominantly controlled by source material and pyrolysis route variables. The biochar sorption potential is a function of its surface area, pores volume, ash contents, and functional groups. The impacts of each production factors on these characteristics of biochar need to be well-understood to design efficient biochars for pesticides removal. The effects of biomass type on biochar sorptive properties are determined by relative amounts of its lingo-cellulosic compounds, minerals content, particles size, and structure. The highest treatment temperature is the most effective pyrolysis factor in the determination of biochar sorption behavior. The expansion of micro-porosity and surface area and also increase of biochar organic carbon content and hydrophobicity mostly happen by pyrolysis peak temperature rise. These changes make biochar suitable for immobilization of organic contaminants. Heating rate, gas pressure, and reaction retention time after the pyrolysis temperatures are sequentially important pyrolysis variables effective on biochar sorptive properties. This review compiles the available knowledge about the impacts of production variables on biochars sorptive properties and discusses the aging process as the main factor in post-pyrolysis alterations of biochars sorption capacity. The drawbacks of biochar application in the environment are summarized as well in the last section.

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Generation Behavior in the Process of Carbonization of Wood

Cited by 52 publications

References 8 publications

Generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during woodworking operations

Generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during woodworking operations

Application of biochar-based materials in environmental remediation: from multi-level structures to specific devices

Biochar efficiency in pesticides sorption as a function of production variables—a review

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