Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Chicago air

Odabaşı, Mustafa; Vardar, Nedim; Sofuoğlu, Aysun; Taşdemir, Yücel; Holsen, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00004-2

Cited by 125 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…2). These results were in good agreement with those reported previously [24,25,[28][29][30][31]. Results indicated that about 69% and 81% of 14 PAHs were in the gasphase for suburban and urban sites, respectively.…”

Section: Ambient Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In winter period, contributions of phenanthrene, fluorene, fluoranthene, and pyrene in suburban and urban sites were 35%, 12%, 16%, and 11% and 26%, 8%, 22%, and 16% of 14 PAHs, respectively. These percentages were similar to the ones reported previously by Bozlaker et al [5], Gevao et al [32], and Odabasi et al [25]. The differences in contributions of individual PAHs to 14 PAHs between summer and winter may be due to the seasonal changes in PAH profiles (i.e., increasing residential heating in winter).…”

Section: Ambient Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Fang et al [23] have reported the total (gas + particle) atmospheric concentrations of 13 -PAH as 320, 477, and 679 ng m −3 for rural, urban, and industrial sites in Taiwan, respectively. Total 14 PAH concentrations measured at suburban and urban sites in the present study are considerably lower than those reported for urban sites in Bursa [24] and in Chicago [25]. However, total 14 PAH concentrations measured at all sites in this study are significantly higher than those reported by Mandalakis et al [26] for urban Athens.…”

Section: Ambient Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 77%

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Particle-phase dry deposition and air–soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Izmir, Turkey

Demircioglu

Sofuoğlu

Odabaşı

2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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a b s t r a c tAmbient air and dry deposition samples were collected at suburban and urban sites in Izmir, Turkey. Atmospheric total (particle + gas) 14 PAHs concentrations were 36 ± 39 and 144 ± 163 ng m −3 for suburban and urban sites, respectively. Phenanthrene was the most abundant compound at all sites, and all samples were dominated by low molecular weight PAHs. Average particulate 14 PAH dry deposition fluxes were 8160 ± 5024 and 4286 ± 2782 ng m −2 day −1 and overall average particulate dry deposition velocities were 1.5 ± 2.4 and 1.0 ± 2.3 cm s −1 for suburban and urban sites, respectively. Soil samples were collected at suburban site. Average soil concentration for 14 PAH was 55.9 ± 14.4 ng g −1 dry weight. Calculated gas-phase air-soil exchange fluxes indicated that fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and carbazole were deposited to soil in winter while they were volatilized in summer. Other compounds (fluoranthene-benzo[g,h,i]perylene) were deposited to soil in both periods. Annual average fluxes of PAHs representing soil to air (i.e., gas volatilization) and air to soil transfer (i.e., gas absorption, dry deposition, and wet deposition) processes were also compared. All processes were comparable for 14 PAHs however their input was dominated by gas absorption. Gas absorption dominated for lower molecular weight PAHs, however dry deposition dominated for higher molecular weight PAHs. The results have suggested that for fluorene, soil and air may be approaching a steady state condition. For the remaining compounds, there was a net accumulation into the soil.

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Section: Ambient Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Ambient Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Ambient Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 77%

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Particle-phase dry deposition and air–soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Izmir, Turkey

Demircioglu

Sofuoğlu

Odabaşı

2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Four-ring compound BaA had similar concentrations in both gaseous (0.68 ng m -3 ) and particulate phase (0.76 ng m -3 ). The gas-particle partitioning of different PAH compounds indicates a strong relationship with aromatic ring numbers (Figure 2), which was consistent with other studies (Odabasi et al, 1999;Bi et al, 2003). For example, two-and three-ring PAHs (Nap, Acpy, Acp, Flu, Phe) were dominantly present in the gas phase (>96%), while five-to six-ring PAHs (BkF, BaP, Ind, Dib, BghiP) were associated with particle phase.…”

Section: Distribution Of Pahs In the Gas And Particle Phasessupporting

confidence: 90%

Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural and urban areas of northern China

Wang

et al. 2014

Environmental Pollution

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Thirty six pairs of gas and particle (PM 2.5 . Seasonal trends of PAH concentrations were observed with high concentrations in winter and low in summer, mainly due to regional sources and meteorological conditions. The association with other airborne pollutants and diagnostic ratio analysis indicated that PAHs in Eastern China background were predominantly from coal/biomass combustion. Coal combustion controlled atmospheric PAHs in winter, whilst biomass burning became important in summer and autumn. Located at eastern coastal areas, Ningbo site was chosen to estimate the atmospheric outflow of PAHs. Transport fluxes were characterized by elevated values in spring and winter. Southward transport fluxes dominated during the sampling period, presenting the transport from northern to southern China.

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“…Naphthalene (Naph), phenanthrene (PhA) and pyrene (Py) were therefore identified from the US EPA list of 16 priority PAHs as suitable test analytes. Although the smaller PAHs have lower carcinogenic properties than benzo(a)pyrene, for example, which has a toxic equivalency factor of 1 as compared to that of 0.001 for the three PAHs of interest in this study (Nisbet and LaGoy, 1992), they are the most abundant PAHs in the urban atmosphere and they may react with other pollutants to form more toxic derivatives (Odabasi et al, 1999). It has been found that the carcinogenicity of indoor air may be dominated by naphthalene, where concentrations of 1100 ng m À3 have been reported, thus the use of naphthalene as a surrogate compound for PAH mixtures in indoor air has been suggested (Ohura et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Investigations into a novel method for atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon monitoring

Forbes

Rohwer

2009

Environmental Pollution

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A novel method for rapid analysis of atmospheric PAHs by laser induced fluorescence allows for more detailed trend determinations. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tA novel analytical method for atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was developed based on laser induced fluorescence (LIF) of samples on quartz multi-channel polydimethylsiloxane traps. A tunable dye laser with a frequency doubling crystal provided the excitation radiation, and a double monochromator with a photomultiplier tube detected emitted fluorescence. The method allowed for the rapid (<5 min), cost effective analysis of samples. Those yielding interesting results could be further analysed by direct thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS, with limits of detection of w0.3 ng m À3 ), as photodegradation was minimal (<10% over 5 min irradiation). Small amounts of naphthalene photodegradation products identified by TD-GC-MS after >15 min irradiation, included phenol, benzyl alcohol and phthalic anhydride. Without any signal optimization, a LIF detection limit of w1 mg m À3 was established for naphthalene using a diffusion tube (diffusion rate of 2 ng s À1 ) and 292 nm excitation.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Chicago air

Cited by 125 publications

References 23 publications

Particle-phase dry deposition and air–soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Izmir, Turkey

Particle-phase dry deposition and air–soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Izmir, Turkey

Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural and urban areas of northern China

Investigations into a novel method for atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon monitoring

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