Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fine fractions of Barapukuria coal in Bangladesh

Hossain, H. M. Zakir; Hossain, QH

doi:10.3329/bjsir.v54i3.42672

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the based on the IndP/(IndP + BghiP) and BaA/(BaA + Chy) ratio (Figure 7d), their sources indicated biomass and coal combustion during the partial lockdown, while in the complete lockdown (Figure 7f) petroleum combustion was seen for PFA; CA and IA from biomass and coal combustion; and RA from petroleum sources. These results agreed with previous studies on PAH sources in Bangladesh [24].…”

Section: Isomeric Ratiossupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Nap, BkF, IndP, BaA, Acy, Ace, FLN, and BaP were in one cluster, while Flu, DB (a,h), Phe, Ant, BbF, BghiP, Pyr, and Chy were in another cluster. The sources of the first cluster could be attributed to biomass and combustion sources [64], while the second cluster may be from petroleum combustion sources [24,55].…”

Section: Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (Hca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some PAHs have been connected to health issues such as cataracts, kidney and liver damage, and jaundice and are thought to be mutagenic and/or carcinogenic chemicals [20][21][22]. In Bangladesh, studies on PAHs in dusts are scarce, and few studies have focused on particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5 ) [23] and fine coal fraction [24]. The endocrine and reproductive systems can be impacted by PAHs when they are absorbed from the dust by eating, cutaneous contact, and inhalation [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pollution Characteristics, Source Apportionment, and Health Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) of Fine Street Dust during and after COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh

Rabin

Wang

et al. 2022

Processes

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The COVID-19 period has had a significant impact on both the global environment and daily living. The COVID-19 lockdown may provide an opportunity to enhance environmental quality. This study has evaluated the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the street dust (diameter < 20 µm) of different land use areas in Dhaka city, Bangladesh, using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The maximum (2114 ng g−1) concentration of ∑16 PAHs was found in the industrial area during without lockdown conditions and the minimum (932 ng g−1) concentration was found in the public facilities area during the complete lockdown. Meanwhile, due to the partial lockdown, a maximum of 30% of the ∑16 PAH concentration decreased from the situation of without lockdown in the industrial area. The highest result of 53% of the ∑16 PAH concentration decreased from the situation without lockdown to the complete lockdown in the commercial area. The 4-ring PAHs had the highest contribution, both during and after the lockdown conditions. PAH ratios, correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were applied in order to evaluate the possible sources. Two major origins of PAHs in the street dust were identified as petroleum and petrogenic sources, as well as biomass and coal combustion. Ingestion and dermal pathways were identified as the major exposure routes to PAHs in the dust. The total incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) due to exposure for adults and children ranged from 8.38 × 10−8 to 1.16 × 10−7 and from 5.11 × 10−8 to 1.70 × 10−7, respectively. These values were lower than the baseline value of acceptable risk (10–6), indicating no potential carcinogenic risk. This study found that the COVID-19 lockdown reduced the distribution of PAHs in the different sites of Dhaka city, thus providing a unique opportunity for the remarkable improvement of degraded environmental resources.

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Section: Isomeric Ratiossupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (Hca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pollution Characteristics, Source Apportionment, and Health Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) of Fine Street Dust during and after COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh

Rabin

Wang

et al. 2022

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“…The PAH diagnostic ratio reveals that the Yenagoa city was composed of a mixture of petroleum (petrogenic) and combustion (pyrogenic) sources, as well as grass/wood/straw combustion sources. PAHs are classified according to the number of rings (Figure 2): lower molecular weight PAHs (LMW, consisting of 2 to 3-ring PAHs), middle molecular weight PAHs (MMW, consisting of 4-ring PAHs), and 5-to 7-rings, higher molecular weight PAHs, HMW (Hossain et al, 2019). examined, fourteen PAHs were discovered.…”

Section: Pah Source Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pah Exposition and Carcinogenicity Risk Evaluation in Soils From Niger Delta, Nigeria

Leizou¹,

Timighe²,

Ashraf³

2022

Env.cont.Reviews

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Environmental pollution has become a cross-cutting issue in recent decades, garnering the attention of governments, governmental agencies, the general public, and scientific communities, and (PAHs) is one of the biggest hazards to public health. PAHs were evaluated in Niger Delta soils using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique to assess their distribution, exposure, and carcinogenicity risk. The SS1 location in the city had the highest amounts of PAH. The toxic equivalency factor (TEF), incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCRs) and as well as a global comparison analysis was employed. The results showed that three city sample locations surpassed the clean-up standards for BaP, 0.1 mg/kg, according to the data. Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are those polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) determined as Group A (known human) and Group B (probable) carcinogens and currently seven PAHs classified probable human carcinogens (Group B2). The majority of the risk associated with PAHs is attributed to benzo (a) pyrene and a few other PAHs. The results further revealed that six out of the seven HMW PAHs are known human carcinogens. The results of this study were found to be within permissible levels recommended. However, the authors strongly advocate a remediation alternative aiming at decontaminating the PAH-polluted soils at SS1, SS3, and SS2.

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“…Carcinogenic classifications of selected PAHs in airborne materials (PAHs data from(Hossain and Hossain, 2019) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile Composition and Risk Evaluation of Pahs in Borehole Water From Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Leizou¹,

Ashraf²

2022

Env.cont.Reviews

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Water is an essential and indispensable natural resource. The most important to human endeavors, ecosystem and all living things. Thus, this study was carried out to determine the levels of concentration of sixteen (16) priority pollutants (PAHs) in borehole water from Amassoma, Bayelsa state. The PAH concentrations in the borehole water samples was performed using GC–MS method. The total PAHs concentration ranged from 0.003 – 0.364mg/l with a mean value of 0.132mg/l. Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene had the highest individual PAH concentration of 0.164mg/l. PAH accumulation in the environment and Toxic equivalency factor (TEF) used to estimate relative toxicity of a PAH compared to that of BaP, principal component analysis and pearson’s correlation was employed. Pearson correlation matrice analysis reveals a positive correlation between the PAHs; this could indicate a common source for some of the PAHs, however, some were negatively correlated with each other. This behavior could indicate non-point source. Six principal component accounting for 88% of the entire variance were extracted. A comparative analysis of PAHs concentrations in the water samples with maximum allowable concentration (MAC) standards revealed that the results obtained in this study were within the permissible levels except for Ind(1,2,3-cd) P and DbahA, however, carcinogen PAHs present in the water of the Amassoma axis, Nun River may pose a threat to human health. PAH fingerprint ratios for determining both petrogenic and pyrogenic (pyrolytic) PAH accumulation such as (Ant/(Ant+Phe), BaA/(BaA+Chr), and ∑▒〖LMW/∑▒HMW〗) ratios was employed. The PAH diagnostic ratio indicates that within the Amassoma Town was of mixed ratios, petroleum (petrogenic) and combustion (pyrogenic) sources and grass/wood/straw combustion sources. This is a clarion call on policy makers and necessary regulatory authorities to step up.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fine fractions of Barapukuria coal in Bangladesh

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Pollution Characteristics, Source Apportionment, and Health Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) of Fine Street Dust during and after COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh

Pollution Characteristics, Source Apportionment, and Health Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) of Fine Street Dust during and after COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh

Pah Exposition and Carcinogenicity Risk Evaluation in Soils From Niger Delta, Nigeria

Profile Composition and Risk Evaluation of Pahs in Borehole Water From Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

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