Polycystic ovarian syndrome and insulin resistance: a South Indian study

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Some studies have characterized different aspects of women presenting with PCOS. In this study we characterise the association of insulin resistance (IR) in patients with PCOS in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: A total of 50 women diagnosed to have PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria were studied. IR was estimated using Homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and clinical characteristics were recorded.Results: The prevalence of IR among the study population was 36%. All PCOS patients with IR were overweight or obese, and had impaired glycaemic status, 75% of PCOS patients with IR also had features of hirsutism.Conclusions: Considering the prevalence of IR, obesity and impaired fasting glucose in women with PCOS, early institution of treatment by lifestyle changes or medication would lead to improvement in reproductive and metabolic abnormalities.

Survey based on classification of PCOS using gene expression

“…PCOS in women cause various complications on three phases they are adult phase (18-20yrs), reproductive phase (during pregnancy), menopause (<50) [18][19][20].During adult phase, major complications are irregular periods, pimples on face and unwanted hair growth. This is due to decrease in insulin secretions and imbalance secretions of androgens [male hormone] [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In reproductive phase, infertility of ovary is the major cause occurred due to oligovalution (mismatch menstrual cycle) [9][10][11][12].…”

“…4. PCOS varies on different stages of women [6] Insulin resistance and Hyperinsulinemia PCOS Past proof recommends that insulin opposition and compensatory hyperinsulinemia are key highlights of PCOS [14]. In many investigations, its pervasiveness was somewhere in the range of 44% and 75% [15,16,17], a lot higher than the 10-25% saw in youthful sound people [18].…”

“…Androgens aid physical maturation and assist humans reach puberty, Acne, facial hair, and other problems can occur in women with high androgen levels [5]. These hormones affect the LH and FSH secretions in the theca cell in zona reticular Figure 6 explains about the directly relationship between hyperinsulineamia and Hyperandrogenism [12][13][14][15]. Fig.…”

“…6. Interconnection Between Insulin And Hyperandrogenism on PCOS [12][13][14][15] Various genes have been linked to PCOS hyperandrogenism during the assessment and identification phases.The gene CYP19 is found on the 15q21.2 chromosome and is responsible for aromatase p450 activities, which are essential for oestrogen synthesis. Aromatase activity is decreased in lean and obese PCOS individuals [9].Pregnenolone is converted to 17-hydroxypregnenolone and progesterone is converted to 17-hydroxyprogesterone by the enzyme P450c17, which is encoded by CYP17.…”

“…CYP11a encodes the enzyme that is involved in the rate-limiting phase of cholesterol conversion to progesterone [8][9][10][11]. CYP11a polymorphism and variation have been observed in CYP11a, and several investigations have established a link between CYP11a and PCOS [12][13][14][15].…”