Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Some studies have characterized different aspects of women presenting with PCOS. In this study we characterise the association of insulin resistance (IR) in patients with PCOS in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: A total of 50 women diagnosed to have PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria were studied. IR was estimated using Homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and clinical characteristics were recorded.Results: The prevalence of IR among the study population was 36%. All PCOS patients with IR were overweight or obese, and had impaired glycaemic status, 75% of PCOS patients with IR also had features of hirsutism.Conclusions: Considering the prevalence of IR, obesity and impaired fasting glucose in women with PCOS, early institution of treatment by lifestyle changes or medication would lead to improvement in reproductive and metabolic abnormalities.

Background: Teenage pregnancy has been reported as one of the leading causes of death in adolescent girls in both developed and developing countries. In developed countries teenage pregnancies are most common in unmarried girls whereas in developing countries like India where early marriages are more common, teenage pregnancies are seen mostly in married women.Methods: In this retrospective observational study, data between January 2018 and December 2019 was studied; data was evaluated using MS excel for statistical purpose. In the present study, only pregnant women less than 20 years were included.Results: Out of 6,028 pregnant women delivered during this period, 686 i.e. 11.3% age of women were less than 20 years, 609 (88.7%) had delivery at term and the remaining 77 (11.2%) women had preterm delivery. As per this study, incidence of hypertensive disorders were 12.24%, 5.5% were associated with anemia and most of them had vaginal delivery (65.01%) including induced and instrumental; cesarean section was 35.5%. In present study, 24.1% babies were of low birth weight and 3.49% of babies were intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) babies.Conclusions: This study showed hypertensive disorders were the most common maternal complication and the incidence of vaginal delivery was higher compared to that of cesarean section, incidence of anaemia was less compared with other studies. Proper antenatal care, institutional delivery and postnatal care can reduce fetal and maternal complications in childbearing women in teenage age group.

Background: Millions of women are affected with pelvic floor dysfunction globally. But when the literature was reviewed, studies assessing the prevalence of PFD (pelvic floor dysfunction) and related factors were limited in India. Hence the present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of PFD.Methods: 300 women aged 18-70years attending Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD at Kuppam were interviewed and details like age, number of children, mode of delivery, BMI, education, occupation as primary outcome variables and type of pelvic floor dysfunction as explanatory variable were collected using a semi structured questionnaire. Frequency and proportions were calculated for quantitative variables and Chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical variables. p-value of <0.05 was considered using SPSS (Version 22).Results: 58 out of 300 women had Pelvic floor dysfunction. Majority of them 52 (17.33%) had Pelvic organ prolapse. Among them 43 (74.14%) women were >45 years old, 38 (65.52%) women had 2 or 3 children, and 12 (20.69%) women had ≥4 children. 47 (81.03%) had vaginal delivery. 37 (63.79%) subjects had no schooling and 13 (22.41%) were unskilled workers. 36 (62.07%) participants BMI ranged between 25 to 34.99. Age, education, occupation, number of children, mode of delivery, BMI were found to be associated with increased incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction.Conclusions: In conclusion the study assessed high prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction associated with vaginal delivery, increased age, number of children and BMI.

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