Polycystic ovarian syndrome: clinical and biological diagnosis

Bachelot, Anne

doi:10.1684/abc.2016.1184

Cited by 35 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age (Bachanek et al 2015;Jalilian et al 2015;Bachelot 2016;Glintborg and Andersen 2017;Papadakis et al 2017;Reis et al 2017). The patients usually present hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, and polycystic ovaries (Palomba et al 2015;Aytan et al 2016;Carvalho et al 2017a;Glintborg and Andersen 2017;Reis et al 2017) but not necessarily all of these conditions, since the existence of a great phenotypic variability (Unluturk et al 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Carvalho

Reis

Cândido

et al. 2018

Endocrine Regulations

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, and polycystic ovaries. This endocrinopathy is associated with many metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular complications. Inflammation is likely to play an important role in the promoting these metabolic imbalances, while prothrombotic and pro-oxidative mechanisms further contribute to the cardiovascular risk of these patients. The etiology of PCOS is still not fully understood, but there is evidence of genetic and environmental components. This review aims to discuss some molecular pathways associated with PCOS that could contribute to the better understanding about this syndrome. Recent evidence suggests that intrauterine exposure of female mice to an excess of anti-Müllerian hormone may induce PCOS features in their post-natal life. High cytokine levels and cytokine gene polymorphisms also appear to be associated with the pathophysiology of PCOS. Furthermore, high levels of microparticles may contribute to the altered hemostasis and enhanced inflammation in PCOS. All these mechanisms may be relevant to clarify some aspects of PCOS pathogenesis and inspire new strategies to prevent the syndrome as well as treat its symptoms and mitigate the risk of long-term complications.

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confidence: 99%

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Carvalho

Reis

Cândido

et al. 2018

Endocrine Regulations

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“…PCOS is a complex disease with no uniform diagnostic criteria, making it difficult to diagnose. [ 21 ] Another study identified two novel potential urinary biomarkers, testosterone-glucuronide and 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, and four candidate urinary biomarkers in PCOS patients using a metabolomic approach. [ 20 ] Here, differential metabolites of PCOS were investigated to ascertain the possibility of potential biomarkers for PCOS diagnostics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Potential Biomarkers for Urine Metabolomics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Zou

Zhu

Fang

et al. 2018

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, and it's diagnosis is difficult. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic profiles of PCOS patients by analyzing urine samples and identify useful biomarkers for diagnosis of PCOS.Methods:This study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province from December 2014 to July 2016. In this study, the urine samples of 21 women with PCOS and 16 healthy controls were assessed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate the urine metabolite characteristics of PCOS and identify useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of this disorder. The Student's t-test and rank sum test were applied to validate the statistical significance of the between the two groups.Results:In total, 35 urine metabolites were found to be significantly different between the PCOS patients and the controls. In particular, a significant increase in the levels of lactose (10.01 [0,13.99] mmol/mol creatinine vs. 2.35 [0.16, 3.26] mmol/mol creatinine, P = 0.042), stearic acid (2.35 [1.47, 3.14] mmol/mol creatinine vs. 0.05 [0, 0.14] mmol/mol creatinine, P < 0.001), and palmitic acid (2.13 [1.07, 2.79] mmol/mol creatinine vs. 0 [0, 0] mmol/mol creatinine, P < 0.001) and a decrease in the levels of succinic acid (0 [0, 0] mmol/mol creatinine vs. 38.94 [4.16, 51.30] mmol/mol creatinine, P < 0.001) were found in the PCOS patients compared with the controls. It was possible to cluster the PCOS patients and the healthy controls into two distinct regions based on a principal component analysis model. Of the differentially expressed metabolites, four compounds, including stearic acid, palmitic acid, benzoylglycine, and threonine, were selected as potential biomarkers.Conclusions:This study offers new insight into the pathogenesis of PCOS, and the discriminating urine metabolites may provide a prospect for the diagnosis of PCOS.

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“…Typical polycystic ovaries have stromal hypertrophy, and their volume is 2 times larger than that of normal ovaries. The ovaries showed bilateral sclerosing polycystic degeneration and gray-white or oyster-colored [12]. There is "strand of pearls" appearance on USN, 2-7 mm diameter cystic follicles or large retention follicular cysts under the capsule.…”

Section: Pathological Changes and Clinical Characteristics Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Menstrual disorders are the main manifestations of adolescent PCOS patients, with common symptoms such as hirsutism, acne, and body mass increase [12]. But these symptoms can also be the normal physiological manifestations after puberty, so most patients continue to see a doctor for infertility after several years.…”

Section: Pathological Changes and Clinical Characteristics Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and Contribution of Insulin Signaling Pathway to the Development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Q¹,

Zhang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

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Our previous studies have demonstrated that insulin signaling pathway has an important role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B signaling, which is critically implicated in insulin resistance, androgen secretion, obesity, and follicular development. PCOS manifests as defective ovarian steroid biosynthesis and hyperandrogenemia, and 50-70% of women with PCOS exhibit insulin resistance and are hyperinsulinemic, indicating that insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism may have an important role in the pathophysiology of PCOS. Therefore, the present article will review the contribution of insulin signaling pathway to the abnormal regulation of follicular growth and ovulation, which can cause corresponding reproductive endocrine diseases and affect women's reproductive health. Exploring the mechanism of insulin signaling pathway in PCOS will help not only to understand the physiology and pathology of follicular development but also to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of PCOS.

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Polycystic ovarian syndrome: clinical and biological diagnosis

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Identification of Potential Biomarkers for Urine Metabolomics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Expression and Contribution of Insulin Signaling Pathway to the Development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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