Polycystic ovary syndrome and immune deregulation: what do hormones want to say?

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most frequently observed endocrinopathies among women of reproductive age that redound to subfertility. The specific etiology of this heterogenic syndrome remains ambiguous. Metabolic complications, hormonal imbalance, deregulation in the immune system and their interrelationship make PCOS more complex. Hyperandrogenism and chronic low-grade inflammation modulate each other and enhance the self-perpetuation of PCOS. Even though there are many literature studies on PCOS and immune deregulation, this review focuses on the endocrine-immune nexus and how the altered endocrine system is embroiled in the immunopathology of PCOS.

Treatment of D-galactose-induced rat polycystic ovarian condition using Lepidium sativum and secondary antibodies

“…To prevent or treat conditions like PCOS, the plant and its components may be employed. More research into the altered immunological condition in PCOS is necessary, as proposed by Xu et al [ 5 ] and Johnson and Laloraya [ 13 ] regarding the possibility that immune disease could play a significant role in the pathophysiology of PCOS.…”

“…The pathogenic mechanisms in premature ovarian failure include the generation of anti-ovarian antibodies (AOA) against ovarian antigens, infiltration of inflammatory cells, elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and decreased Tregs [ 12 ]. As a conclusion obtained by Johnson and Laloraya [ 13 ], additional research into the altered immunological condition associated with PCOS is necessary. Several ovarian antigens are the target of the AOA class of autoantibodies.…”