Polyethylene and polypropylene matrix composites for biomedical applications

Gopanna, Aravinthan; Rajan, Krishna Prasad; Thomas, Selvin P.; Chavali, Murthy

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816874-5.00006-2

Cited by 49 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…One of the most commonly used polymers in the melt-blown technique is polypropylene (PP) [ 8 , 9 ] endowed with great rheological and physical properties. However, PP is produced from non-renewable resources and is more widely used in bone tissue engineering and suture than as a skin substitute [ 10 ]. Therefore, in skin tissue engineering, polylactic acid (PLA) could replace PP as it is biodegradable and more environmentally friendly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Process Parameters on Structure and Properties of Melt-Blown Poly(Lactic Acid) Nonwovens for Skin Regeneration

Dzierzkowska

Ścisłowska-Czarnecka

Kudzin

et al. 2021

JFB

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Skin regeneration requires a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold for cell adhesion, growth and proliferation. A type of the scaffold offering a 3D structure is a nonwoven material produced via a melt-blown technique. Process parameters of this technique can be adapted to improve the cellular response. Polylactic acid (PLA) was used to produce a nonwoven scaffold by a melt-blown technique. The key process parameters, i.e., the head and air temperature, were changed in the range from 180–270 °C to obtain eight different materials (MB1–MB8). The relationships between the process parameters, morphology, porosity, thermal properties and the cellular response were explored in this study. The mean fiber diameters ranged from 3 to 120 µm. The average material roughness values were between 47 and 160 µm, whereas the pore diameters ranged from 5 to 400 µm. The calorimetry thermograms revealed a correlation between the temperature parameters and crystallization. The response of keratinocytes and macrophages exhibited a higher cell viability on thicker fibers. The cell-scaffold interaction was observed via SEM after 7 days. This result proved that the features of melt-blown nonwoven scaffolds depended on the processing parameters, such as head temperature and air temperature. Thanks to examinations, the most suitable scaffolds for skin tissue regeneration were selected.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Process Parameters on Structure and Properties of Melt-Blown Poly(Lactic Acid) Nonwovens for Skin Regeneration

Dzierzkowska

Ścisłowska-Czarnecka

Kudzin

et al. 2021

JFB

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“…Carbon nanotubes or single layers of graphene rolled into a cylinder shape, have been commonly applied and evolved into diverse research directions including medical applications. CNT usually exists in 2 phases, single-walled and multiwalled, with different characteristics properties [28][29][30][31][32][33]. There are different types of techniques that have been improved for synthesizing CNT which mainly involve vapor phase routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental design of Al ₂ O ₃ /MWCNT/HDPE hybrid nanocomposites for hip joint replacement

et al. 2020

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Fracture in the hip joint is a major and quite common health issue, particularly for the elderly. The loads exploited by the lower limbs are very acute and severe; in the femur, they can be several folds higher than the whole weight of the body. Nanotechnology and nanocomposites offer great potential in biomedical applications. The organic materials are more biocompatible. Mechanical properties like strength and hardness are challenging parameters which control the selection of a joint. HDPE in its pure form has been successfully used as a prosthetic foot (external) but failed as an implant material due to limited mechanical properties. High-density polyethylene thermoplastic polymer (HDPE) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/Nano-Alumina is selected as a potential material for a biomedical implant and its mechanical properties and biocompatibility have been discussed. HDPE/MWCNT/Alumina (Al 2 O 3) nanocomposites have not been explored yet for prosthetic implants. These nanocomposites were prepared in this investigation in different compositions. Prepared material has been physiochemically characterized to check the morphology and the structure. MWCNTs enhanced hardness and elastic modulus of the HDPE. Optimization of the material composition revealed that hybrid composite with structure (2.4% Al 2 O 3 and 0.6% MWCNT) exhibits better mechanical properties compared to other ratios with 3% MWCNTs and 5% MWCNTs. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) dedicates that the percentage of crystallization has been increased to 6% after adding MWCNT to HDPE. The moisture absorption decreased to 90% with 5% MWCNT. Experimental results of Colorimetric assay (MTT) of a normal human epithelial cell line (1-BJ1) over Al 2 O 3 /MWCNT@HDPE showed <20% cytotoxic activity, proving its acceptance for medical use. HDPE/MWCNT/Al 2 O 3 nanocomposites emerged as a candidate material for artificial joints.

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“…Carbon nanotubes or single layers of graphene rolled into a cylinder shape, have been commonly applied and evolved into diverse research directions: mechanics, and even medical applications. CNT usually exists in 2 phases, single-walled and multiwalled, with different characteristics properties [6][7][8][9][10][11]. There are different types of techniques that have been improved for synthesizing CNT which mainly involve vapor phase routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Design of AL2O3/MWCNT/HDPE Hybrid Nanocomposites for Hip Joint Replacement

Dabees

Kamel

Tirth

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract A hip fracture can be considered a major health issue facing the elderly fraction of humans. The loads exploited by the lower limbs are very acute and severe; in the femur, they can be several folds higher than the whole weight of the body. Mechanical properties like strength and hardness are challenging parameters which control the selection of the joint. In this research work, a modification has been performed by adding multi-layer carbon nanotubes to the High-density polyethylene thermoplastic polymer together with alumina. Prepared material well physiochemically characterized to check the morphology and the structure. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) dedicates that the percentage of crystallization has been increased to 6% after adding Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)to the polymer. According to mechanical properties results, MWCNTs successfully increase in young’s module and hardness of the polymer. Optimization of the materials ration has been done and it has been found that hybrid composite with structure (2.4% AL 2 O 3 and 0.6% MWCNT) obtains high mechanical properties compared to other ratios with 3% MWCNTs and 5% MWCNTs. Also, moisture absorption decreased to 90% at with 5% MWCNT ratio. Experimental results of MTT assay of a normal human epithelial cell line (1- BJ1) over AL 2 O 3 /MWCNT@ HDPE showed a low value of cytotoxic activity, which proves that it is proper for medical use.AL 2 O 3 /MWCNT@HDPE composite showed promising results for further studies of artificial joints.

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Polyethylene and polypropylene matrix composites for biomedical applications

Cited by 49 publications

References 106 publications

Effects of Process Parameters on Structure and Properties of Melt-Blown Poly(Lactic Acid) Nonwovens for Skin Regeneration

Effects of Process Parameters on Structure and Properties of Melt-Blown Poly(Lactic Acid) Nonwovens for Skin Regeneration

Experimental design of Al ₂ O ₃ /MWCNT/HDPE hybrid nanocomposites for hip joint replacement

Experimental Design of AL2O3/MWCNT/HDPE Hybrid Nanocomposites for Hip Joint Replacement

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Polyethylene and polypropylene matrix composites for biomedical applications

Cited by 49 publications

References 106 publications

Effects of Process Parameters on Structure and Properties of Melt-Blown Poly(Lactic Acid) Nonwovens for Skin Regeneration

Effects of Process Parameters on Structure and Properties of Melt-Blown Poly(Lactic Acid) Nonwovens for Skin Regeneration

Experimental design of Al 2 O 3 /MWCNT/HDPE hybrid nanocomposites for hip joint replacement

Experimental Design of AL2O3/MWCNT/HDPE Hybrid Nanocomposites for Hip Joint Replacement

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Experimental design of Al ₂ O ₃ /MWCNT/HDPE hybrid nanocomposites for hip joint replacement