Polyethylene glycol-conjugated immunoliposomes specific for olfactory ensheathing glial cells

Abstract

A novel immunoliposome delivery system was developed for directed transport into cultured olfactory epithelium cells. Monoclonal antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) served as a vector. Fluorescence microscopy showed that the target cells are specifically stained with Dil dye incorporated into liposomal membranes. This transport system holds promise for the delivery of bioactive substances to olfactory epithelial cells and modulation of their capacity to stimulate axonal regeneration.

Inhalable PEGylated Phospholipid Nanocarriers and PEGylated Therapeutics for Respiratory Delivery as Aerosolized Colloidal Dispersions and Dry Powder Inhalers

“…PEGylated drug delivery through the nasal route has considerable potential in regards to the transport of drugs directly to the brain through the olfactory region [47]. PEG–PLGA (PEG–poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)) nanoparticles have demonstrated effectiveness in delivering basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) directly to the brain for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.…”

“…The vectors used were monoclonal antibodies against GFAP. Although this study was performed in vitro , this demonstrates the potential of PEGylated liposomes for nasal drug delivery targeting the CNS [47]. …”

Effectiveness of olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation for treatment of spinal cord injury

“…The curative effects were determined by comparing the pre-and post-operative scores, which were based on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale and injured spinal cord functional rating scale of Xishan Hospital (Chekhonin et al, 2008). The ASIA Impairment Scale score was based on the following: 1) sensory function: Pinprick and touch sensations were tested at each dermatomic key point (28 points on each side of the body), and a 0-3 grade was then assigned (0 = no sensation, during which blunt and sharp stimulations could not be differentiated; 1 = sensory disorders; and 2 = normal sensations); the pinprick and touch grades on each side were summed up to get a total sensory grade, which was used to indicate a possible change in sensory function; 2) motor function: Ten key muscles on each side of the body were tested from top to bottom, and a 0-5 grade was then assigned according to strength; the grades on each side were summed up to get a total motor grade, which was used to indicate a possible change in motor function; and 3) the anal sphincter was tested with finger testing.…”