“…Finally, through an analysis of the clusters, key nodes, and highly cited articles, we found that key technologies such as 'Artificial Neural Network' [78,89,92], 'Self Organizing Map' [87,[93][94][95][96][97][98], 'Back Propagation Neural Network' [93,[99][100][101], 'Particle Swarm Optimization' [102], 'Radial Basis Function Networks' [102], 'Convolutional Neural Network' [81,90,101,[103][104][105][106][107][108], 'Graph Neural Network' [88,[109][110][111][112][113][114], 'Support Vector Machine' [79,99], etc., are widely applied in various domains of cartography. Firstly, these technologies have automated cartographic workflows in map generalization [104,115], including polyline simplification [78,92,114,115], river network generalization [87,98,99], selective omission of road networks [79,…”