Polymer/clay nanocomposites and their gas barrier properties

Abstract

Polymer organic–inorganic hybrids, where the high‐aspect ratio inorganic filler can be delaminated at the nanometer scale, are able to increase their enhancement very significantly at very low‐filler volume. Necessary requirement for the use of materials in packaging and storage applications are presented by gas barrier properties. Modified type of montmorillonite (MMT) 30B, 25A, 93A and natural type of MMT Na+ were used as the inorganic phase. Fillers were incorporated to the linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix. The nanofiller particles were generated via melt compounding in KO‐kneader. In case of PVC, the plasticizers act as the intercalation agents. The ion–dipole method was used for intercalation process. Prepared samples were tested for water vapor transmission (WVT), O2, and CO2 permeability. Next, the PVC samples were tested for the migration behavior of plasticizers. The structure was determined using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the high level of exfoliation could positively affect tested properties. POLYM. COMPOS., 34:1418–1424, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

A review of the water barrier properties of polymer/clay and polymer/graphene nanocomposites

“…Polymer / clay nanocomposites, such as PE and nylon nanocomposites, are used as barrier materials in packaging and storage applications [43,46,50,52]. Recently, biodegradable and bio-based polymer / clay nanocomposites, for example PLA, PCL and PBS, have been used as packaging, especially for food and also for short shelflife products, such as containers, beverage cups and blister packages [16,57,63,65,66,116].…”

Factorial Design Applied for Evaluation of Effect of Interactions among Precursors on the Thermal Decomposition Temperature of Montmorillonite/Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Nanocomposites

“…It was possible, by utilization of full 2 4 factorial design, to study the variables affecting T d values of H + Mt/PMMA nanocomposites. With the study of these nanocomposites, it was possible to associate degradation events and thermal TEM images of (a) S1; (b) S11 and (c) S14 CPN samples.…”

“…The matrix of the full 2 4 factorial design with triplicate of the central points is presented in Table 2. T d values, utilized as dependent variable, were obtained from TG analysis and are also presented.…”

“…These materials present physical and chemical characteristics different from those of neat polymer matrix, which makes possible its application as flame retardant, 2,3 gas diffusion barrier, 4 advanced anti-corrosion coatings, 5,6 and materials with high solvent resistance or improved thermal properties. [7][8][9][10] CPN preparation demands compatibility between the polymer and the clay, which require the utilization of organophilic clays or compatibilizers (bifunctional molecules that conjugate an organic and an inorganic moiety, as organically modified silicates (ORMOSIL's)).…”

Oxygen Permeability Coefficient of High Density Polyethylene/Cu Nanofibers Nanocomposites below Percolation

“…In addition, permeability to gas coefficient is improved by dispersing nanofillers. For instance, reductions in permeability coefficient have been detected by increasing the weight percentages of clay 29 . This study considers the experimental data from Grigoriadou et al 30 on mechanical properties of HDPE/Cu nanofiber nanocomposite films and the experimental data from Bikiaris & Triantafyllidis 31 on oxygen barrier properties of HDPE/Cu nanofiber nanocomposite films.…”