Polymer Latices

Blackley, D. C.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5866-4

Cited by 72 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…These chemical shifts agree with those reported previously by Patterson et al 18 with the exception that the use of higher magnetic fields (200 or 300 MHz), could allow the detection of 3,4-polyisoprene and exocyclic structures.…”

Section: Nmr Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 94%

“…T HE FIELD POLYMER science has been interested in preparing the cyclized rubber from natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene, styrenebutadiene rubber, and polybutadiene since 1950s [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Cyclized products are used in the formulation of adhesives, paintings, inks, and also in the compounding of NR to improve its mechanical characteristics [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activation Energy and Thermodynamic Parameters of Cyclization in Purified Natural Rubber Latex Using a Trimethyl Silyl Triflate

Riyajan

2009

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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The property of natural rubber (NR) is more interesting, except for some properties which need to improve. The cyclization reaction is an interesting reaction for modified NR to thermoplastic elastomer. The kinetic cyclization of deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) or purified NR latex effectively performed in latex phase by using trimethylsilyl-trifluoromethane sulphonate or trimethyl silyl triflate (TMSOTF) is studied at various temperatures and times. The cyclized products are confirmed by NMR spectroscopies including one and 2D NMR. The kinetic of cyclization is investigated. It is found that the degree of cyclization in DPNR is a function of cyclization conditions. The rate constant (k) is 200 (s À1 ) at 1008C based on 95% of regression and the activation energy of cyclization in DPNR latex is 147.66 kJ/mol. Some thermodynamic parameters: enthalpy, entropy, and free energy activation of 144.6 kJ/mole, À269.11 J/mole, and 246.9 kJ/mole, respectively, are obtained for the cyclization of DPNR. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of cyclization obtained from this study indicate that an increase in the process temperature would increase the rate of cyclization formation. *

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Section: Nmr Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation Energy and Thermodynamic Parameters of Cyclization in Purified Natural Rubber Latex Using a Trimethyl Silyl Triflate

Riyajan

2009

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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“…Many different approaches are used for the generation of nanoparticles in order to obtain the required properties. Practically all processes used, i.e., the sol± gel process [1,2] or the microemulsion technique [3] for the preparation of inorganic particles and emulsion polymerization [4] for the preparation of polymer particles, are based on kinetic control during preparation; the particles are built from the center to the surface, and the particle structure is governed by kinetic factors. Because of the dictate of kinetics, serious disadvantages such as lack of homogeneity and restrictions as to the compositions accessible have to be accepted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Generation of Nanoparticles in Miniemulsions

2001

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“…1). As the prevulcanization time increases, good bonding develops, but after that as the rubber particles become fully crosslinked (at about 30 min) the interparticle bonding decreases [11], resulting in a reduction in the lap shear strength. This trend shows that there is an optimum level of prevulcanization time which results in maximum bond strength.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%